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Regulating social media is essential, as Congress has struggled to address the issues posed by rogue corporations. There is a need for better oversight and action from both Congress and the administration to tackle these challenges effectively.

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Renee DiResta, a speaker at the 4th Annual Cybersecurity Summit, discusses the power of partnerships in combating misinformation. She highlights the need for collaboration between government agencies, research institutions, and civil society organizations to address the spread of false and misleading information. DiResta emphasizes the importance of situational awareness, context, and resilience in countering harmful narratives. She suggests the establishment of a Center of Excellence within the federal government to coordinate efforts and promote effective communication. While acknowledging the need to respect civil liberties and prioritize free expression, DiResta emphasizes the urgency of addressing the current challenges posed by misinformation.

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We demonstrated how easily election machines can be hacked, raising concerns about the limited number of companies controlling voting technology. 43% of American voters use machines with security flaws, and some states lack a paper trail to verify results. The lack of transparency in cybersecurity practices is alarming.

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Disinformation on social media platforms poses challenges to democracy, bolstering authoritarians and silencing opposition. Countering disinformation is crucial for a thriving democracy. The steps countering disinformation guide provides 9 thematic sections and a comprehensive intervention database to promote information integrity and strengthen societal resilience. Key takeaways include the need for a whole of society approach, prioritizing programs addressing disinformation and societal cleavages, and utilizing mixed methods like fact checking and monitoring. Establishing norms, regulations, and better content moderation is essential. Political parties should be discouraged from engaging in disinformation. Explore the interventions database for organizations, projects, and donors combating disinformation worldwide.

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Digital platforms are being misused to subvert science and spread disinformation and hate to billions of people. This global threat demands clear and coordinated global action. A policy brief on information integrity on digital platforms puts forward a framework for a concerned international response.

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The speaker states that, regarding election security, everyone must acknowledge egregious behavior and foreign influence, of which there is direct evidence. Other foreign partners also have evidence and were watching attacks on the election system on November 3rd. They are willing to provide that evidence directly to the president, and this evidence was received today. These foreign partners and allies are willing to help. The speaker concludes that foreign influence against election security and the SolarWinds system is dangerous, and more must be done.

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Speakers discuss the severity and novelty of threats to the United States’ political system, focusing on Russian interference and the digital domain. - All acknowledge that the country faced a cataclysmic disruption to its political system that is unlike prior experiences. Speaker 2 notes, as a Vietnam veteran, that fundamental institutions were jeopardized then but proved resilient, and expresses hope for a similar outcome now. - Speaker 1 emphasizes two points: (1) Vladimir Putin’s determination to shape political landscapes inside Russia and abroad, and (2) the consequential role of the digital domain, which allowed Russian intelligence to exploit and manipulate more effectively, culminating in the twenty sixteen election. - They note that Russian interference historically involved exploiting elections, but never with such aggression, directness, or multidimensional methods. The Internet and modern technology serve as a huge enabler for influencing opinion and undermining fundamental systems. - There is a discussion of whether this manipulation was unforeseen. Speaker 2 indicates it goes back to the Soviet era with attempts to influence elections, but the magnitude in twenty sixteen was unprecedented. The digital environment provides malefactors with more opportunities to attack and influence. - The panel explains active measures as fabricating or propagating stories (even patently false ones) to advance a narrative, color perceptions, and lend legitimacy to political actors. They note that the Russians focused on specific voter blocks in states like Wisconsin and Michigan, with estimates that 70,000–80,000 votes could have swung the election. - They discuss methods beyond information operations, including collecting information (e.g., DNC and DCCC email breaches) and money-related tactics: money laundering, disguising funding sources for political actions, and potential extortion or blackmail. They stress that collusion is a tool in the Russians’ kit and that they recruit or exploit individuals where openings exist. - Following the money is highlighted as essential across national security domains; FBI financial investigators and intelligence analysts play key roles, and there is confidence that Mueller and others will trace financial pathways to uncover motivations. - The distinction between cyber warfare and conventional warfare is acknowledged: there are no tanks or planes, but the cyber realm constitutes a war for democracy. A robust response is needed to strengthen the cyber environment, including proposals for a congressional independent commission to assess and strategize future protections, involving engineers, technologists, scientists, and private sector input. - They reflect on why the nation did not respond with the immediacy seen after physical attacks (e.g., 9/11). The lack of a physical rubble-like trigger makes cyber threats harder to mobilize a national response. Leadership issues are cited: when the White House diminishes the CIA, FBI, NSA, or intelligence and law enforcement, it undermines efforts to address the threat. - They recount briefings to the president-elect in January, noting high confidence levels in assessments that did not rely on the dossier; the bigger concern is a perceived indifference to the Russian threat and the denigration of security institutions. - They stress the importance of institutional integrity: the press, law enforcement, and intelligence are pillars of democracy, and denigration of these institutions undermines U.S. credibility abroad. They advocate for stronger checks and balances and reiterate their commitment to truthful reporting and protecting the country. - The speakers, experienced and apolitical, emphasize loyalty to the Constitution and the need for decisive leadership and sustained commitment to democratic institutions, despite political challenges. They conclude with a solemn commitment to safeguard the country and its democratic framework.

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The speaker states that interference or federal election crimes will be aggressively investigated, and they will work with partners to quickly take appropriate action. They are also coordinating with private sector technology and social media companies. The goal is to ensure these platforms aren't used by foreign adversaries to spread disinformation and propaganda.

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Mister Bowman emphasized the importance of this hearing, highlighting that the U.S. is under attack from adversaries like China, Russia, Iran, and North Korea. He stressed that these threats are real and affect everyday Americans, urging them to recognize the foreign influence on their votes. The adversaries aim to undermine U.S. democracy and manipulate public opinion to weaken American power and influence. It’s crucial for Americans to understand this manipulation and assert their right to decide their representation and policies. When asked about partisan influence in elections, it was noted that both parties have faced attacks, and a bipartisan approach is essential for effective solutions.

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CISA lacked the capability and resources to address election disinformation. To bridge this gap, a project was quickly formed involving four institutions. The project collaborated with government partners like CISA DHS and local/state governments, civil society groups including NAACP, MITRE, Common Cause, and the Healthy Elections Project, and major platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, TikTok, Reddit, and Nextdoor. Agreements for data access were made with some platforms, while analysts had to work individually with others.

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We're advocating for talent to join the private sector. Transparency is crucial in combating harmful content and misinformation. Russia's involvement in election interference is unprecedented. Platforms are taking steps to combat misinformation and protect democracy. Stronger partnerships with government agencies are being formed. Coordination is key in decreasing fake news dissemination. 2018 is crucial for elections worldwide, and efforts are being made to safeguard their integrity.

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Renee DiResta, a speaker at the 4th Annual Cybersecurity Summit, discusses the power of partnerships in combating misinformation and disinformation. She highlights the need for collaboration between government agencies, research institutions, and civil society organizations to address the spread of false and misleading narratives. DiResta emphasizes the importance of situational awareness, effective communication, and the promotion of reliable information while respecting civil liberties and prioritizing free expression. She suggests the establishment of a Center of Excellence within the federal government to coordinate efforts and facilitate ongoing research and analysis. The goal is to mitigate the impact of harmful misinformation and protect democratic institutions and public health.

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The speaker emphasizes the importance of partnership between the federal government, state and local colleagues, and social media and tech firms in securing elections. They acknowledge the valuable information and opportunities that these firms possess, which the government does not have. The integration of these relationships has been a critical step forward since 2016. Speaker 1 expresses pride in the accomplishments of the past 2 years, particularly in the last 6 to 9 months, as a collaborative effort between the government and social media and tech firms. They believe this partnership will serve as a model for the future.

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The transcript presents a broad, multi-voiced warning about the vulnerability of U.S. voting systems and the ease with which they can be hacked, hacked-stopping demonstrations, and the security gaps that remain even as elections continue. Key points and claims: - Virginia stopped using touch screen voting because it is “so vulnerable,” and multiple speakers argue that all voting machines must be examined to prevent hacking and attacks. Speaker 0, Speaker 1, and others emphasize systemic vulnerability across states. - Researchers have repeatedly demonstrated that ballot recording machines and other voting systems are susceptible to tampering, with examples that even hackers with limited knowledge can breach machines in minutes (Speaker 2, Speaker 3). - In 2018, electronic voting machines in Georgia and Texas allegedly deleted votes for certain candidates or switched votes from one candidate to another (Speaker 4). - The largest voting machine vendors are accused of cybersecurity violations, including directing that remote access software be installed, which would make machines attractive to fraudsters and hackers (Speaker 5). - Across the country, voting machines are described as easily hackable, with contention that three companies control many systems and that individual machines pose significant risk (Speaker 2, Speaker 6). - Many states use antiquated machines vulnerable to hacking, with demonstrations showing how easily workers could hack electronic voting machines (Speakers 7, 2). - A substantial portion of American voters use machines researchers say have serious security flaws, including backdoors (Speaker 5). Some states reportedly have no paper trail or only partial paper records (Speaker 5, various). - Aging systems are noted as failing due to use of unsupported software such as Windows XP/2000, increasing vulnerability to cyber attacks (Speaker 9). An observed concern is that 40 states use machines at least a decade old (Speaker 9). - Specific past intrusions are cited: Illinois and Arizona in 2016 had election websites hacked, with malware installed and sensitive voter information downloaded (Speaker 4). - There is debate about whether votes were changed in the 2016 election; one speaker notes that experts say you cannot claim—without forensic analysis—that votes were not changed (Speaker 17, 18). - The existence of paper records is contested: some jurisdictions lack verifiable paper trails, undermining the ability to prove results are legitimate (Speaker 5, 9). - Some devices rely on cellular modems to transmit results after elections, creating additional avenues for interception and manipulation; vendors acknowledge modems but vary in how they frame Internet connectivity (Speakers 10, 11, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21). The debate covers whether cellular transmissions truly isolate from the Internet or provide a backdoor, with demonstrations showing that modems can be connected to Internet networks and could be exploited. - The “programming” phase of elections—where memory cards are prepared with candidates and contests—can be a vector for spread of rogue software if an attacker compromises the election management system (Speaker 11, Speaker 10). - A scenario is outlined in which an attacker identifies weak swing states, probes them, hacks the election management system or outside vendors, spreads malicious code to machines, and alters a portion of votes; the assumption is that many jurisdictions will not rigorously use paper records to verify computer results (Speaker 10). - A Virginia governor’s anecdote is shared: after a hack demonstrated off-site by experts, all machines were decertified and replaced with paper ballots (Speaker 16). Overall impression: the discussion paints a picture of pervasive vulnerability, aging and diverse systems, reliance on modems and networked components, potential for targeted manipulation in close elections, and the need for upgrades and robust forensic capabilities, while noting contested claims about the extent of past interference.

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Disinformation on social media undermines democracy, empowering authoritarianism and silencing opposition. To combat this, the CEPS countering disinformation guide offers nine key strategies and a database of interventions aimed at enhancing information integrity and societal resilience. Developed by the International Foundation for Electoral Systems, International Republican Institute, and National Democratic Institute with USAID support, the guide emphasizes a whole-of-society approach. It highlights the need for urgency in collective action, balancing resources between institutions and civil society, and employing mixed methods like fact-checking and monitoring. Additionally, it stresses the importance of establishing norms, legal frameworks, and improved social media moderation to foster a healthy information environment. Political parties should also be discouraged from engaging in disinformation. For further resources, explore the interventions database.

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CISA lacked funding and legal authorizations to understand election disinformation. To bridge this gap, four institutions collaborated to fill the void left by the government. The cooperation between government and tech platforms proved effective, resulting in numerous papers discussing takedowns. However, two challenges remain: how to sustain this collaboration and the lack of federal preparation in identifying and analyzing election misinformation and disinformation. The absence of a clear federal lead and limitations within the IC and FBI hindered progress. CISA provided support but lacked real capability due to unclear legal authorities, including concerns regarding the First Amendment.

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Addressing disinformation requires a whole of society approach. It's not something that can be fixed by governments alone. This is a challenge recognized by some countries in Europe and North America. To combat disinformation, governments, multilateral institutions, social media platforms, and political leaders need to work together. Democracy relies on a healthy information space achieved through a collective effort. Countering disinformation requires a whole of society response, involving the private sector, public sector, and civil society. Cooperation from tech platforms and enforcement of terms of service are crucial, but government involvement is also necessary. The solution lies in a comprehensive approach that acknowledges the problem and involves all stakeholders.

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To combat disinformation, it is crucial to unite countries and trusted sources to address false campaigns effectively. Trusted interlocutors, such as survivors, employers, faith leaders, and health workers, can help spread accurate information. Collaboration with the private sector to remove false information is essential. International organizations like the UN and WHO play a vital role in combating misinformation at a government level. Trust in these organizations is key to countering disinformation effectively.

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Disinformation requires a whole of society approach, not just governmental action. Some countries are more progressive in recognizing this challenge. A whole of society effort is key to empowering people with real and accurate information. This approach means sharing experiences and holding governments, social media platforms, and political leaders accountable. Democracy depends on a healthy information space achievable through this effort. The whole of society response includes the private sector, public sector, and civil society. Cooperation from tech platforms, good faith, and enforcement of terms of service are needed. It also requires government acknowledgment that the problem extends beyond foreign actors.

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The speaker emphasizes the importance of private companies in combating misinformation online. They express concern over the impact of disinformation on democratic institutions, particularly highlighting the refusal to accept election results. The speaker warns of the global spread of rigged election narratives by autocrats, leading to a loss of faith in democracy. They stress the need to trust democratic systems despite imperfections and changing dynamics. The speaker urges vigilance in countering asymmetric warfare through the weaponization of information.

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Americans spreading misinformation, whether intentionally or unknowingly, can pose a significant threat to elections. This misinformation can be shared on social media without us realizing it's fake. While foreign interference is a concern, we value and encourage free speech in our country. However, we also need to ensure that if we or the involved firms are aware of foreign-sponsored and covertly sponsored information, we take steps to manage it effectively.

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Digital platforms are being misused to subvert science and spread disinformation and hate to billions of people. This global threat demands clear and coordinated global action. A policy brief on information integrity on digital platforms puts forward a framework for a concerned international response.

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We are focused on attracting top talent to the private sector. Transparency is key in combating harmful content and coronavirus misinformation. Russia's involvement in US elections is unprecedented and concerning. Social media platforms are working to combat fake news and misinformation. Strengthened partnerships with government agencies are crucial in safeguarding democracy during important election cycles worldwide.

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Addressing disinformation requires a whole society response involving governments, social media platforms, and individuals. Cooperation is needed from tech platforms and government to combat the issue. Collaboration across sectors is crucial for a solution.

The Joe Rogan Experience

Joe Rogan Experience #1263 - Renée DiResta
Guests: Renée DiResta
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Renée DiResta began her research into online misinformation in 2015, initially focusing on anti-vaccine activity in California. She observed how small groups could amplify messages on social media, both through legitimate means and coordinated efforts to manipulate algorithms. This led her to explore how terrorist organizations like ISIS used similar tactics to spread propaganda. By late 2015, as discussions about ISIS intensified, attention shifted to Russian interference in social media, particularly following Adrian Chen's exposé on the Internet Research Agency (IRA). DiResta explained that the consolidation of social media platforms made it easier for propagandists to target specific audiences. The IRA created fake accounts that mimicked real people, often referred to as "sock puppets," to influence American discourse. By 2016, during the presidential campaign, these accounts were actively engaging in divisive conversations, often amplifying existing tensions. The IRA's strategy involved building communities around various identities, such as LGBT or African American groups, to foster in-group dynamics and subtly influence opinions. They created pages that appeared authentic and relatable, often using humor and cultural references to engage users. This long-term strategy aimed to normalize certain narratives and create divisions within American society. DiResta noted that the IRA's operations were sophisticated, employing tactics akin to those of a marketing agency, but with a focus on manipulation and disinformation. They targeted specific demographics and tailored their content to resonate with those audiences, often using memes and culturally relevant language. The conversation also touched on the challenges of moderating content on social media platforms. DiResta highlighted the difficulty of balancing free speech with the need to combat harassment and misinformation. She emphasized that the algorithms used by these platforms often exacerbate polarization, as they prioritize sensational content that generates engagement. As technology evolves, including advancements in deepfakes and AI-generated content, DiResta expressed concern about the potential for misinformation to escalate into real-world consequences. She pointed out that the ease of creating convincing fake identities and narratives could lead to significant societal disruptions. In conclusion, DiResta underscored the importance of understanding the mechanisms behind online disinformation and the need for accountability from social media platforms. She advocated for a multi-stakeholder approach to address these challenges, recognizing that the landscape of online communication is rapidly changing and requires ongoing vigilance and adaptation.
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