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In 1964, president Lyndon B. Johnson claimed that a US ship called the USS Maddox had been attacked by North Vietnamese forces in the Gulf of Tonkin, but the second attack never happened; it was a complete fabrication. Yet Congress passed the Gulf Of Tonkin Resolution, effectively giving Johnson a blank check to escalate the war in Vietnam. By 1968, over half a million US troops were in Vietnam, with carpet bombing of villages and the spraying of chemical weapons like Agent Orange, and millions of Vietnamese citizens affected, all described as based on a lie.
After France lost its colonial war in Vietnam, the US stepped in, ignored international agreements, and installed a dictator in the South. He was so corrupt and brutal that even the Vietnamese people hated him. When nationwide elections were planned to unify the country, Ho Chi Minh was guaranteed to win, but the US backed out and canceled democracy. So, the US didn’t just join the Vietnam War; it escalated, provoked, and manipulated its way into it.
As thousands of soldiers died and anti-war protests surged in the US, people asked questions about the rationale for Vietnam, why the poor were drafted while the rich received deferments, and why the government lied about the Gulf of Tonkin. The CIA was not about to lose that narrative. In 1967, they wrote a classified memo, CIA dispatch number 1035-960, a propaganda guide sent to journalists and foreign operatives on how to quietly discredit critics, especially when questions arose around JFK. This memo labeled those questions as conspiracy theorists because that term didn’t exist before then.
The memo was weaponized to shame critical thinkers, equating questioning the government with being unhinged or batshit crazy. It worked: the Vietnam War escalated with a provable lie sustained by media propaganda and shielded by a weaponized insult that’s still used today. Conspiracy theorists at the time didn’t mean crazy; they were people who weren’t buying the government’s story, and many of those critics were right. So when someone says the government would never do that, remember that it did, and they created a stigma to silence dissent. And if you think this is crazy, consider what happened in Panama. Follow for more deep dives. They don’t want you to know.