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Researchers at McMaster University are developing a needle-free, inhaled COVID-19 vaccine called AeroVax, a mucosal vaccine administered directly into the lungs to generate a targeted immune response. Phase one is complete, and phase two is recruiting participants.
The vaccine is viral vector-based, using the adenovirus with spliced genes from the COVID virus, but contains no live COVID. It includes three COVID virus antigens, intended to produce a more robust and broader immune response, including t-cells, b-cells, and an innate immune response. The innate immune system may offer protection against other viruses and variants.
Administered via a specialized inhaler, the vaccine uses particles tiny enough to reach deep into the lung. The dosage is about 100 times less than injectable vaccines, reducing manufacturing costs. Inhalation is believed to be more effective and addresses needle hesitancy. Researchers hope to bring the inhaled vaccine to market in the next five years.