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Speaker 0: Before the emergence of the state of Israel in 1948, there was a large number of Jews living in the Arab world, something like 800,000. There were Jews in Lebanon, in Syria, in Egypt, and Iraq. The Jewish community in Iraq was the most ancient, going back two and a half millennia, and it was the most prosperous, the most successful, and the best integrated into local society. But before '48, there were Jews throughout the Arab world, and Muslim Jewish coexistence was not a distant dream. It was everyday reality. The Jews and Arabs lived side by side until the arrival of Zionism. My family and I, we were Arab Jews. We spoke Arabic at home. We didn't speak any other language. Our culture was Arab culture. Our food was the most delicious, spicy Middle Eastern food. It wasn't European food. So in every sense of the word, we were Arab Jews. We Arab Jews had much more in common linguistically and culturally with non Jews around us than with Jews in Eastern Europe. In March 1950, the Iraqi parliament passed a law which said, any Jew who wants to leave the country is free to do so. They have a year to register to leave on a one way visa, and not many Jews registered to leave. And in the next year, five bombs exploded in Jewish premises in Baghdad, and that created a panic and that helped to precipitate the exodus to Israel. Yosef Basri, 28 year old lawyer and an ardent Zionist, and he was responsible for three out of the five bombs. The controller of Basri was an Israeli intelligence officer called Max Bennett. He gave him the orders. He gave him the TNT. In 1950, there were a 135,000 Jews in Iraq. By the end of 1952, there were only about 10,000 Jews left in Iraq, and a 125,000 Jews ended up in Israel. We left Iraq as Jews, and we arrived in Israel as Iraqis. But problem is that Israel claims to be the state of the Jews. Israel claims to speak on behalf of all Jews everywhere. Zionism is an Ashkenazi thing. It's nothing to do with...