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The video discusses the involvement of Jewish brokers in the Arab slave trade, questioning their role in financing voyages and caravans for slave trading. The speaker highlights the presence of Jewish brokers in towns like Damascus and Baghdad, as well as in Europe. The speaker also mentions the Jewish involvement in the slave trade in places like Amsterdam, Lisbon, and Bristol. Another speaker expresses disbelief at how Jews could be involved in the slave trade despite their reputation for making money honestly.

Jews were heavily involved in the slave trade, with up to 80% of slave owners being Jewish. They owned most slave ships and conducted auctions. Pope Alexander VI, a Jewish pope, signed the doctrine of discovery, legalizing colonialism and the transatlantic slave trade. Columbus, funded by Jewish individuals, discovered the Americas, where indigenous people were initially considered people until the papal bull declared them heathens for political reasons.

Speaker 0 repeats the line: "You can run on for a long time. Run on for a long time. Run on for a long time. Sooner or later, gotta put you down." Speaker 1 recounts that "the Arab slave trader brought his African merchandise to a broker in a large town who put them up for sale in the slave market." He notes that among the many brokers in the Arab world, there were some brokers who don't like to be remembered in The United States Of America—these were the Jewish brokers who were in great towns such as Damascus and Baghdad. He adds, "Yes. Amen." Speaker 1 continues with a reflection on "what a lot of trouble professor Jeffries got into," and remarks that all he talked about was "a Jew, old Jew over there in Newport, Rhode Island." He then expands the scope: "But what about the Jews of Amsterdam? The Jews of Lisbon? The Jews of Cadiz? The Jews of Toulouse? The Jews of Bristol, the great slave port of England, Bristol," because Bristol is where the great voyages were planned. He explains that Bristol was the place where people financed ships and sent them out on three-month voyages to fetch slaves across, describing who had "the money to put those ships on the sea," to finance "these huge caravans" and to carry out the slave trade. Speaker 1 then asks, "Who were the great merchants of the Middle East? Who were the great merchants of Europe? And some of brothers and sisters, who were they? Jews." He concludes that Jews were involved in the slave trade and questions how they "weren't in the slave trade," asserting that they "never cared about how they turned an honest dollar," and that from their point of view, "it's an honest dollar," even though they are "lamenting the fact now and denying it."

Jews played a significant role in the slave trade in Brazil and the United States. Aaron Lopez was a prominent Jewish slave ship owner in the US, and Jewish-owned rum distilleries in Newport, Rhode Island were crucial in the transatlantic slave trade. Census data from the 1830s shows that a higher percentage of Jewish households owned slaves compared to white gentiles in the US.

Jewish historians reveal a history of Jewish involvement in the slave trade, with auctions closing on Jewish holidays. Jews dominated the slave trade for centuries in the Western world, dating back to Roman times. The Roman Jews relied on slavery for income, while Charlemagne and Pope Gelasius allowed Jewish involvement in the slave trade. Throughout history, Jews were prominent slave dealers in European society, with higher slave holdings per capita than non-Jews. This information is documented in various Jewish historical sources.

Speaker 0 describes a long history of Jewish subversion and influence in Spain. He notes that Jews prospered under the Visigoths but conspired with Arabs in Africa to overthrow them, citing evidence from the early eighth century including contacts with African Jews to prepare Moorish incursions across the Straits of Gibraltar and a June council of Toledo condemning Jews for plotting with Hebrews beyond the seas. He recounts the loss of Barcelona to Moors, claiming many Christians were killed and Jews remained unpunished. After Islam’s conquest, Jews flourished culturally, excelling in medicine and helping bring Aristotle to Europe. During the Reconquista, Saint Ferdinand allegedly rewarded Cordoba’s Jewish population with mosques converted to synagogues but imposed conditions the Jews violated. As Islam fell back to North Africa, Jews allegedly collaborated with Muslims, fueling Christian suspicions of an alien alliance between the two communities that supposedly enabled civil order to be enforced through canon law, while Jews, not being Christians, could not be targeted by it. They allegedly engaged in subversive activities with impunity, causing resentment. The narrative then pivots to the paradox of Pedro the Cruel, where greater Jewish power allegedly increased their vulnerability to violence. Walsh is cited asserting that Jews were disliked not for Moses’ teachings but for practices like slavery, usury, proselytizing, forcing circumcisions, and pressuring debtors to abandon Christ. Usury is highlighted as a main grievance, since Christians were forbidden to charge interest, creating a Jewish monopoly on lending and capital. The text recounts episodes in Cuenca (1326) and Valladolid (1385) illustrating tensions over usury. Farmers faced starvation or usury, leading to Jewish wealth concentration. The church tried to curb Jewish influence, but rulers pursued short-term gain, culminating in Henry of Trastámara’s rise, persecution of Jews, and mass flight or refuge in Paris. Henry later repented by freeing Christians from debts to Jews, yet realized Jews could not pay taxes or lend the king money without extortion. Jews’ financial and administrative skills proved indispensable to rulers, fueling continued cycles of resentment and social upheaval. By 1391, anti-Jewish riots in Seville and across Castile led to forced conversions (conversos), significant numbers baptized under duress, and suspicion that converts remained secretly Jewish. Murano became a terms of opprobrium for conversos, who leveraged church protection to exploit opportunities, while sincere converts endured suspicion. By the 1440s, conversos allegedly controlled large shares of indirect taxes; their wealth enabled social mobility and access to offices, provoking further suspicion and moral decline at court. Mob violence and weak leadership under Enrique el Impotente culminated in executions and burnings of conversos in multiple cities prior to Isabella and Ferdinand’s rise. Isabella, influenced by Fri Alonso de Hoyeda and other clergy, grew convinced that radical measures were needed; the Inquisition was established in 1478 to root out Judaizers, chosen to operate beyond intimidation or bribery. The monarchs expelled Jews on 03/31/1492 from Castile and Aragon, offering baptism as an alternative but finding little incentive to convert after the Inquisition’s reforms. Expulsion relocated the problem to Northern Europe, with many Jews settling in Antwerp, becoming central to trade networks and mercantile enterprises connected to Lyon, Ferrara, Rome, and beyond. The narrative asserts that Antwerp’s Jewish and Portuguese conversos formed a spy network for anti-Spanish, anti-Catholic forces, leveraging printing to disseminate Protestant Bibles and engage in cultural subversion, ultimately contributing to Spain’s long-term setbacks. Speaker 1 shifts to Jewish pirates in the Caribbean, tracing their roots to the 1492 expulsion and the period’s anti-Semitic context. He notes exiled Spanish Jews sought revenge at sea, with figures such as Sinan Reyes, adversary of Barbarossa, and Moses Cohen Henriques, a key player in the 1628 capture of the Spanish Silver Fleet. Henriques allied with the Dutch West India Company and piratical networks; Diego Perez de Costa, a converso, commanded three pirate ships before retiring to Safed to study Kabbalah. A “pirate rabbi” reportedly aided Sephardic Jews in Amsterdam, keeping kosher on the high seas. Jewish pirates often partnered with non-Jewish pirates, producing cross-cultural connections—Hebrew treasure maps, ships named for biblical figures, and Jewish tombstones bearing skull-and-crossbones. The speakers discuss whether “Jewish pirates” is the right label, noting many served in advisory roles but agreeing they participated in illegal trade and attacks on Spain, while building a global mercantile and intelligence network. The segment closes inviting viewers to subscribe and share topics for future videos.

Jews expelled from Portugal due to the Inquisition migrated to Amsterdam because the king welcomed them for the commerce they brought. The Portuguese synagogue in Amsterdam, built by shipwrights and still lit by candles, remains a popular site. Amsterdam connects to New Amsterdam, later New York. Peter Stuyvesant initially resisted Jewish entry, but the Jewish-owned company financing New Amsterdam ordered him to allow them in, marking the arrival of the first Jews in New York.

In Christian nations, lending money for interest was illegal, so Jews became the lenders. They charged interest and eventually owned everything. Kings would then round them up and kick them out of the country. This cycle repeated for centuries, as Jews would go to the next country and start lending again. Compound interest was seen as a powerful force that could enslave people, which is why it was illegal. Today, credit card and student loan interest continue to enslave people. The start of modern banking in Italy saw 80% of the land owned by 20% of the families, with a significant Jewish population.

Jewish involvement in the African slave trade predates the transatlantic slave trade by about 1000 years. The transatlantic slave trade began in 1441 when Portuguese sailors kidnapped Africans and brought them to Europe. Africans were taken to the Caribbean in 1502, where the transatlantic slave trade started. The theoretical justification for the slave trade was based on the Hamitic myth, also known as the curse of Ham story, to rationalize and justify the trade.

Jewish historians have documented the involvement of Jews in the slave trade on the American continent. They reveal that Jewish buyers dominated slave auctions, often purchasing slaves at low prices due to lack of competition. This history of Jewish involvement in the slave trade extends back to Roman times, where Jews played a significant role as slave dealers. Jewish Encyclopedia and other sources confirm the Jewish control of commerce, including the slave trade, during the Middle Ages. These historical records shed light on a lesser-known aspect of Jewish history.

Jewish historians document that slave auctions in the Americas closed on Jewish holidays due to Jewish involvement in the slave trade. In "Jews in Colonial Brazil," Abe Witzner states that Jewish buyers at auctions bought slaves at low prices due to a lack of competition, and auctions were postponed on Jewish holidays. Jewish histories reveal that Jews dominated the slave trade in the Western world for two thousand years, even back to Roman times. The Jewish Encyclopedia states that the trade in slavery was the main source of livelihood for Roman Jews. Charlemagne allowed Jews to act as intermediaries in the slave trade. According to "A History of the Jews," Jews were among the most important slave dealers in European society. Jacob Marcus wrote in the Encyclopedia Britannica that in the Dark Ages, commerce in Western Europe, particularly the slave trade, was largely in Jewish hands. Jews were the principal slave traders and had higher per capita holdings of slaves than non-Jews.

Jewish involvement in the African slave trade predates the transatlantic slave trade by around 1000 years. The transatlantic slave trade began in 1441 when Portuguese sailors kidnapped Africans and brought them to Europe. Africans were then taken to the Caribbean in 1502, where the transatlantic slave trade started. The Hamitic myth, also known as the curse of Ham story, provided intellectual justification for the slave trade, allowing people to rationalize their actions.

Arab slave traders brought African slaves to brokers in towns like Damascus and Baghdad. Some of these brokers were Jewish and played a significant role in the slave trade. Professor Jeffries faced criticism for focusing only on a Jewish broker in Newport, Rhode Island, while ignoring the involvement of Jews in Amsterdam, Lisbon, Chadid, Toulouse, Marseille, and Bristol. These Jewish merchants had the financial means to finance voyages and caravans for slave trading. While they may have considered it an honest business, they are now regretful of their involvement.

In the 16th century, Sinan Re, also known as the Great Jew, operated under the Ottoman flag and drove a massive human trafficking system that targeted European Christian populations. Ottoman law strictly prohibited the enslavement of fellow Muslims, so Sinan Re’s corsair fleets focused entirely on non-Muslim adversaries across the Mediterranean. His primary targets were southern Europeans, especially from Spain, Italy, Sicily, and Malta. His ships systematically ambushed maritime crews, commercial merchants, and vulnerable fishermen along major shipping routes. His forces also launched coordinated amphibious raids directly onto European coastal villages to abduct entire communities once captured. Once individuals were captured, they faced two primary fates based on their economic value. Able-bodied men were forced into brutal, unpaid physical labor as oarsmen, chained directly to the decks of Ottoman warships. Wealthy merchants, aristocrats, and high-ranking military officers were separated and held in North African ports to extract high financial ransoms. Those who could not be ransomed were sold into the broader domestic and agricultural slave markets of the empire.

Jews played a significant role in the slave trade in Brazil, Suriname, Curacao, Barbados, and Jamaica. Aaron Lopez, a prominent Jewish slave ship owner in the US, and Jewish-owned rum distilleries in Newport, Rhode Island were key players. Census data from 1830 shows that a higher percentage of Jewish households owned slaves compared to white gentiles in the US. This sheds light on the Jewish involvement in the transatlantic slave trade.

Arab slave traders sold African slaves to brokers, including Jewish brokers in towns like Damascus and Baghdad. Professor Jeffries faced backlash for mentioning Jewish involvement in the slave trade, focusing on Newport, Rhode Island. However, Jews in Amsterdam, Lisbon, Cadiz, Toulouse, Marseille, and Bristol were also significant in financing voyages and caravans for the slave trade. Despite their denial, these Jewish merchants played a role in the slave trade.

Jews played a significant role in the slave trade in Brazil, Suriname, Curacao, Barbados, and Jamaica during the 1600s. They owned the two largest slave ships in the 18th century that transported slaves to the United States. Aaron Lombers, a Jew, was the biggest slave ship owner in America. Additionally, all the rum distilleries in Newport, Rhode Island during the era of the slave trade were owned by Jews. Per capita, Jews in the United States owned more slaves than white gentiles, with around 75% of Jewish households owning slaves compared to 30% for the white population as a whole, according to the 1830 US census.

Jewish historians reveal a hidden history of Jewish involvement in the slave trade in the Americas and Europe for over 2000 years. Records show Jews dominated the slave trade in the Western world, even back to Roman times. They were major slave dealers in European society and controlled commerce, including the slave trade, in the Middle Ages. Jewish Encyclopedia and other sources confirm Jews' significant role in the slave trade, with higher per capita slave holdings than non-Jews. This history is often overlooked or suppressed.

In this video, the speaker discusses the Jewish involvement in the African slave trade, highlighting their role in various aspects such as owning plantations, importing and auctioning slaves, and manning slave ships. The speaker also mentions the Hamitic myth used to justify African enslavement and the Jewish influence in the Dutch West India Company. Despite Jewish involvement, they were not prominent in the abolitionist movement. Jewish media's attempts to downplay their role led to increased awareness and questions about the proportion of Jewish involvement. Brazil was a major destination for African slaves. Professor Martin emphasizes the importance of acknowledging historical facts and the need for acknowledgment and reparations. The session concludes with gratitude for the insightful presentation.

The speaker questions why white people are always blamed for the slave trade when Jewish ships and Arabs played a significant role. They suggest that Jewish dominance in academia and publishing allows them to shift blame onto others, like Italians or whites, while operating behind the scenes. Meyer Lansky, a Jewish figure, is mentioned as being involved in the mafia's financial operations.

In the early period of the transatlantic slave trade, governments oversaw many of the chartered companies, which were often called chartered companies. One example discussed is the Dutch West India Company, which in the 1600s is presented as a pioneer in a “multinational, globalized prosecution of the slave trade.” The transcript states that a large number of the shareholders, or stockholders, in the Dutch West India Company were Jews. According to the transcript, Jews had been “chased out of Portugal and Spain” and “chased out of all kinds of places.” It adds that they found “some respite from their wanderings in Holland,” where they “became an influential factor.” The share of Jewish stockholders in the Dutch West India Company is described as an area of controversy, with estimates “varying from twenty-five percent to fifty percent” concerning the stake of Jewish stockholders. The transcript concludes that, regardless of the exact figure, Jews were “an important element in the Dutch West India Company,” which it describes as the preeminent entity carrying on the slave trade in the early period. The transcript then describes what the Dutch West India Company did in the slave trade. It says the company was responsible for importing “the earliest slaves to places like Brazil” and to “some parts of the Caribbean,” either directly or indirectly, and it also references “this country” as potentially included “in a very early period in the seventeenth century.” The transcript further asserts that, in many areas in the Americas, Jews were “a dominant element in the slave trade,” giving Brazil as a specific example: it says that in Brazil in the seventeenth century, Jews were a dominant element in the slave trade. Beyond general participation, the transcript details forms of involvement. It states that Jews “owned a large number of the plantations.” It also says Jews were positioned importantly in areas not necessarily limited to plantation ownership, including “the importation of slaves,” “the warehousing of slaves,” “the auctioning of slaves,” “the provisioning of slaves,” and “manning slave ships,” along with “provisioning Slave ships.” The transcript frames these as examples of roles Jews held in the broader operations surrounding the slave trade. It ends by referencing New England, stating that “In New England, for example, at the height of, of the Atlantic slave trade,” leaving the remainder unspoken.

In the video, it is mentioned that Jews played a significant role in the slave trade in Brazil, Suriname, Curacao, Barbados, and Jamaica during the 1600s. It is also stated that the two largest slave shipments in the 18th century to the United States were on ships owned by Jews. Aaron Lopez, a Jew, is identified as the biggest slave ship owner in America. Additionally, all the rum distilleries in Newport, Rhode Island were owned by Jews.

Jewish historians reveal a hidden history of Jewish involvement in the slave trade, dominating auctions in the Americas and Europe for centuries. Records show Jews as main buyers, even postponing auctions on Jewish holidays. From Roman times to the Middle Ages, Jews were major players in the slave trade, with higher slave holdings than non-Jews. This history, carefully documented but often unknown, sheds light on a controversial aspect of Jewish involvement in commerce throughout history.

Jews played a significant role in the slave trade in Brazil, Suriname, Curacao, Barbados, and Jamaica. The two largest slave shipments to the US in the 18th century were on Jewish-owned ships. Aaron Lopez, a prominent slave ship owner, was Jewish. In Newport, Rhode Island, all rum distilleries during the slave trade era were owned by Jews. Census data from 1830 shows a higher per capita ownership of slaves by Jewish households in the US compared to white gentiles.

The transcript discusses “New World Jewry” by S. P. Liebman and the American Jewish Historical Society, describing early Americas slave trading as a “Christian affair” while focusing on “major Jewish history” concerning ship ownership, operation, and agents involved in the slave trade. Liebman is quoted saying that ships arrived carrying African blacks to be sold as slaves; that the slave traffic was a royal monopoly; and that Jews were often appointed as agents for the crown in slave sales. Liebman further says Jews were the largest ship chandlers in the Caribbean, where shipping business was “mainly a Jewish enterprise,” with ships owned by Jews, Jewish crews, and Jewish captains. The speaker explains how this topic was pursued on PBS’s “Black Perspectives in the News.” In the late 1960s, the speaker became acquainted with Walter White, a slave-trade researcher who wrote a booklet titled “Who Brought the Slaves to America.” The speaker then conducted additional research, reading “all the official Jewish histories” on the subject, following the issue for over twenty-five years, and examining academic and historical writings produced by Jewish historical societies and groups. The transcript then presents quotes from Jewish historians. Marc Rappaport, in *Jews and Judaism in the United States: A Documentary History*, is quoted stating that “Jewish merchants played a major role in the slave trade,” and that in American colonies—French, Martinique, British, or Dutch—Jewish merchants frequently dominated. Rappaport is also quoted saying this was true on the North American mainland, where during the 18th century Jews participated in the triangular trade: bringing slaves from Africa to the West Indies and exchanging them for molasses, which was taken to New England and converted into rum for sale in Africa. The transcript names Isaac de Costa of Charleston (1750s), David Franks of Philadelphia (1760s), and Aaron Lopez of Newport (late 1760s and early 1770s) as dominating Jewish slave trading on the American continent. The transcript continues with an account based on “Jewish historians” and “old Jewish documents,” including claims that slave auctions throughout the Americas had to close on Jewish holidays. It also cites A. Witsner of the Jewish Historical Society in *Jews in Colonial Brazil* (pp. 72–73), quoting that buyers at auctions were “almost always Jews” and that they bought at low prices due to lack of competitors; and that if an auction date fell on a Jewish holiday, the auction had to be postponed.