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Nitric oxide is described as the foundational longevity molecule because it signals stem cells to mobilize and differentiate. Without nitric oxide, there are fewer circulating stem cells. Nitric oxide activates telomerase, preventing telomere shortening; without it, telomeres shorten. Nitric oxide signals cells to produce more efficient mitochondria that generate more cellular energy with less oxygen. Restoring nitric oxide addresses all three aspects of longevity, which no other molecule in the body can do.

Eating less often, such as skipping breakfast and lunch, can activate defensive genes against aging. This approach focuses on dinner and giving the body a rest from food. This activates three protective mechanisms: mTOR, which senses amino acids; AMPK, which senses energy (mainly glucose); and sirtuins, which sense amino acids, energy, and exercise. These mechanisms can be activated by eating the right things, eating less often, and exercising.

NAD is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. It's a co enzyme found in every cell of your body and essentially you need it to live. It is what keeps your cells functioning young. We are born with a finite amount and we don't create anymore. Our bodies don't make more NAD. And as you age, your NAD levels decline. And by the time you're 30 to 35, you have depleted half of your NAD levels. And this is what triggers the aging process in our bodies. You think about the physical, right? So you have fertility, bone density, muscle strength, and then you think of the cognitive side, which is like your memory and your brain function and your mental clarity and mental focus. NAD, you are essentially slowing down your biological clock in order to expand your health span and your lifespan.

Training to the point of breathlessness increases NAD production in the body, as does hunger. Sirtuins use NAD as fuel. Resveratrol and monounsaturated fatty acids act as accelerators, enhancing the process. Exercise is the primary driver of NAD production.

I think that what we get from fasting is turning on the body's natural defenses against aging. The sirtuin genes come on when you're fasted or exercising. NAD is produced when you're fasting or exercising. And so all the science in my view is pointing in that direction that not constantly eating or being in fed state is beneficial. We don't tend to think of ourselves in the future as ourselves, but we should because it's definitely gonna be us and we probably won't feel much different than we do now. And we'll really thank ourselves if we start making the changes in health today.

Dr. Alexis Cohen (Jasmine Cohen) and the host discuss a wide-ranging view of health, science, and society, centered on mitochondria, light biology, and decentralized approaches to knowledge and healing. - On science, health, and authority: - Cohen argues that “we really haven’t been doing science for about seventy years now” and that modern science has become scientism, with people looking to scientists and doctors as authority figures over personal health, even though no one can fully know another’s lived body experience. - She emphasizes that aging is a reflection of mitochondrial heteroplasmy and that there are ways to slow or speed that burden, but contemporary living habits harm mitochondrial health. She asserts there are incentives to promote lifestyle advice that is not monetizable (outdoor activity, barefoot grounding, seasonal eating, movement), which she says slows research and access to information. - The conversation asserts a need to reclaim personal authority over health and to recognize life as magical and miraculous. - Personal entry into Bitcoin and crypto curiosity: - Cohen notes she and her partner became interested in Bitcoin in 2018, with a continued engagement including taking a cryptography course to understand the underlying proofs rather than accepting information at face value. - Background and work: - The host introduces Cohen as a Princeton-trained molecular biologist, a PhD focusing on metabolism, gut health, and circadian biology, who shifted from academic research to helping people rebuild health through nutrition, movement, mitochondrial function, and light exposure. Cohen shares that her own childhood illnesses, weight issues, and colitis prompted a pivot from academia to health coaching, emphasizing ownership of wellbeing through science and practical lifestyle strategies. - Cohen highlights that she values rigorous science but seeks practical lifestyle strategies to empower clients to understand their biology and take ownership of their health. - Dance, embodiment, and biology: - Cohen describes taking up social dancing (salsa, bachata, merengue, fox trot, hustle) and training intensely. She explains dancing challenges the brain in novel ways, requires being guided by a partner, and expands neural connections. - The host shares similar experiences with dance, noting body memory across decades and the importance of movement, rhythm, and social connection for health. - Mitochondria, heteroplasmy, and light: - Cohen explains mitochondria as the battery of the cell, with their own circular DNA and multiple roles in ATP production, biosynthesis, and epigenetic regulation. Heteroplasmy, the mutation burden in mitochondrial DNA, reflects dysfunction that can lead to energy production deficits across tissues. - She notes three key mitochondrial outputs: - ATP production powers cellular processes and metabolism. - Metabolic water production (including deuterium-depleted metabolic water). - Biophotons, photons largely in the UV range, emitted by mitochondria and nucleus during electron transport; older, sicker individuals emit more light due to increased permeability of the system. - Cohen argues aging mirrors mitochondrial heteroplasmy and mutation accumulation, with higher mutation burdens in tissues like immune cells, gut, liver, and brain associated with disease. She also discusses that mitochondria contribute to energy, water, and biophotons, and that modern life elevates heteroplasmy by lifestyle choices. - She argues heteroplasmy can be slowed or sped, and that there are actionable interventions—though the exact list is not exhaustively enumerated in this segment. - Why mitochondrial health isn’t the central target: - Cohen says mitochondrial health research is less profitable because it emphasizes lifestyle and environmental changes rather than drugs, which affects funding and research direction. She describes a system where focusing on broad environmental and lifestyle changes could be financially less lucrative than drug-centered approaches. - She expands on historical dynamics in science, including siloing of scientists and the development of a paywalled academic publishing model, suggesting that the system discourages holistic, integrative approaches that would unify mitochondrial biology with systems biology. - Light, circadian biology, and UVA/UVB: - The discussion shifts to light as a regulator of mitochondria. Cohen divides the sun’s spectrum into ultraviolet (UVB and UVA), visible light, blue light, and near infrared (NIR). She emphasizes that near-infrared light penetrates deeply and stimulates mitochondria, while UVB promotes melanin production via POMC and MSH peptides, affecting energy balance, mood, and metabolism. - UVB light triggers alpha-MSH and beta-endorphin production, the latter contributing to mood and dopamine support, and helps regulate energy expenditure and appetite via POMC-derived pathways; UVB exposure supports melanin synthesis, redox balance, and photoreception across tissues. - UVA light activates Neuropsin receptors on eyes and skin, aiding circadian entrainment and nitric oxide production, which improves vasodilation and nutrient delivery. Neuropsin is present in skin and testes; its stimulation is linked to testosterone and fertility enhancements. UVA also helps anchor local circadian rhythms in tissues. - Cohen discusses the misperception that UV light is universally harmful and argues that melanin is not only protective but can facilitate energy capture from high-energy photons to support energy metabolism in humans. Melanin’s roles extend beyond protection to potential energy transduction, with POMC, MSH, and alpha-MSH linking light exposure to metabolic regulation. - The My Circadian app is recommended as a tool to track sunrise, UVA/UVB rise, and lux (brightness) to optimize exposure. Cohen notes indoor environments rarely exceed 1000 lux, while outdoor brightness can reach 60,000–60,200 lux, significantly impacting serotonin production, mood, and cognition. She emphasizes the importance of bright daytime light for circadian alignment and melatonin suppression at night. - Infrared, LEDs, and indoor lighting: - The conversation covers lighting technologies, noting fluorescent tubes and LEDs minimize near-infrared and maximize blue light, which disrupts circadian rhythms and flicker, stressing the eyes and sympathetic nervous system. Cohen argues that modern lighting deprives people of infrared and UV radiation, both critical for mitochondrial function and circadian health. - She criticizes the push for energy efficiency that reduces thermal and infrared energy, arguing it contributes to systemic health issues. She emphasizes the importance of incandescent and near-infrared-rich lighting for indoor environments and sun exposure to sustain metabolic health. - Grounding, EMF, and environmental exposure: - Grounding (direct contact with the earth) is presented as a way to discharge excess positive charge in tissues, reducing inflammatory burden and supporting mitochondrial function. Cohen shares practical grounding instructions—grounding directly to the earth when possible, wearing natural fibers, and using grounding footwear. - Non-native electromagnetic fields (EMFs) from Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 5G, and other sources are discussed as contributors to mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation. Cohen cites Robert Becker’s historical work on non-thermal EMF effects and Havana syndrome as context for potential biological risks. She suggests practical mitigation, including reducing EMF exposure, using Ethernet where possible, and using tinfoil to shield exposure in certain situations. Plant life can absorb EMF, and grounding, sunlight, and strategic use of red and infrared light are recommended to compensate where exposure is high. - The discussion includes practical home strategies, EMF-blocking window panels, EMF-blocking paint, and even temporary shielding (e.g., tinfoil) as a do-it-yourself mitigation approach. - Travel, circadian disruption, and protocols: - Cohen outlines travel challenges: high altitude cosmic radiation exposure (non-AVMF exposure), cabin EMFs, circadian misalignment, and sedentary behavior. She suggests pre- and post-travel strategies such as grounding, sun exposure, hydration, lymphatic support, and blue-light management to ease time-zone transitions. - She promotes an ebook protocol focused on lymphatic support and circadian realignment, available for purchase, with a holiday discount code holydays. Blue-light blocking strategies and red-light strategies are included to facilitate adaptation to new time zones. - Health, mental health, and pediatric considerations: - The hosts discuss mental health concerns, including PTSD, anxiety, and depression, emphasizing circadian regulation, light exposure, sleep hygiene, and reducing screen exposure. Cohen notes the importance of bright daytime light and a dark, cool sleeping environment for sleep quality and mood. She mentions a study showing even small nighttime light exposure can influence daytime metabolic markers, emphasizing the importance of darkness at night. - Birth, medications, and vaccines: - They touch on birth experiences, epidurals, and how early life interventions can influence long-term health and microbiome development. Cohen discusses pain as a portal to healing and critiques reliance on certain pharmaceutical approaches. - On vaccines, Cohen describes observed adverse effects post COVID-19 vaccination, including histamine issues, barrier permeability, and rapid cancer reports linked to vaccine exposure, while underscoring the lack of widespread funding to investigate these relationships. She mentions turbo cancers and batch variation as topics already discussed by researchers like Kevin McKernan and a need for independent inquiry. - Decentralization, science, and Bitcoin again: - Cohen envisions a decentralized health system in which multiple modalities (acupuncture, Chinese medicine, Ayurveda, allopathic medicine) can be tested for proof of work, with outcomes guiding what works best for individuals. She believes decentralization is necessary for genuine innovation, with a future vision of a decentralized, funded light research lab and a retreat model to study circadian biology, mitochondrial function, and nature-based health in diverse environments (North America and equatorial regions). - She sees Bitcoin as a tool that enables financial sovereignty and autonomy, providing an opportunity to fund decentralized science and publish findings on blockchain to protect against censorship. She highlights the potential for Bitcoin to support a lab through deflationary funding and to empower researchers and patients alike. - Closing: - The conversation closes with practical resources: Thinkific-hosted classes, an online book club, and a QuantumU course that reframes science education around decentralized, nature-based principles. Cohen emphasizes accessible contact options (Instagram and email) and a holiday discount for courses and ebooks. The participants express enthusiasm for ongoing collaboration, travel and events, and continued education in Bitcoin, science, and holistic health. Overall, the episode centers on mitochondria as a foundational health driver, the essential role of light and circadian biology in energy, mood, metabolism, and aging, and a call for decentralized, nature-aligned science, with Bitcoin framed as a funding and governance tool to empower individuals and researchers to pursue health innovation beyond centralized institutions.

We all know that getting older is inevitable, but how we age is something we have a lot of control over. And, of course, we talk about food and sleep, no doubt, but we also have to spend some time talking about supplements. And today, we're talking about a formula that helps increase levels of NAD plus NAD plus is a game changer. It's an anti aging game changer because it's a coenzyme, which means it's a helper molecule found in every single cell in your body, and it's critical for energy. Because as we age, our NAD levels go down, which affects how we produce energy. Less NAD means your cells aren't functioning at their peak. So we need to give ourselves the resources that they need to function optimally.

Mitochondria generate energy via ATP, but new research suggests they are more than just energy factories; mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to diseases like diabetes, autism, and cancer. To support mitochondria, one must stress them through hormesis, where "what doesn't kill you makes you stronger." Five ways to stress mitochondria include: intermittent fasting (practiced differently by men and women), cold exposure (cold showers or cryotherapy), sauna (heat exposure activates heat shock proteins), exercise, and gratitude. Research indicates happier people are healthier, and being in a grateful state activates the parasympathetic nervous system, balancing the autonomic nervous system. Gratitude, or "vitamin G," may contribute to healthier mitochondria.

Speaker 0: The discussion centers on mitochondria as the energy factory of the cell and how a shortened lifespan can stem from problems with this organelle. There are a few factors and variables involved: the quality of the fuel entering the mitochondria, and the biochemical reactions that take that food and extract different things to turn it into energy, specifically in the form of ATP, at the end of this entire assembly line. Every single biochemical reaction that occurs inside this system requires vitamins, minerals, and trace minerals. Nutrition is essential for proper mitochondrial function, with specific nutrients highlighted as critical: B1, B2, B3, B5, Coenzyme Q10, and the trace minerals manganese, zinc, iodine, copper, and magnesium. The speaker emphasizes that these elements are vitally important for the mitochondria to function. The implication is that without these nutrients, the mitochondria will not operate well. In contrast, consuming too much junk food is suggested to impair mitochondrial function, contributing to dysfunction. The overall message is that there can be a couple of reasons why the mitochondria do not function correctly, including inadequate or imbalanced nutrition and excessive junk food intake, which can disrupt the energy production process that mitochondria are responsible for.

Mitochondrial function can be improved in three ways: biogenesis (creating new mitochondria), boosting efficiency of existing mitochondria with supplements like CoQ10 and carnitine, and activating mitophagy. Urolithin A is a mitophagy activator that cleans out waste, which then becomes building blocks for new, healthy mitochondria. Clinical trials show mitophagy happens quickly with Urolithin A supplementation, followed by biogenesis after a month. Continued use of Urolithin A does not perpetually induce mitophagy; it cleans waste to facilitate new mitochondrial growth.

To maintain healthy mitochondria, exercise, reduce consumption of highly processed carbohydrates, and avoid microplastics. Microplastics are ubiquitous, and their effects are not fully understood, but they could cause small foci in different populations of cells. It is hard to chronically damage mitochondria because they are a tough organelle. However, people chronically abuse them without realizing what is needed to keep them healthy. Even with exposure to chemical carcinogens, maintaining a healthy body may delay or prevent damage to the mitochondria.

As we age, weakened mitochondria contribute to free radical damage and tissue destruction, accelerating aging. This manifests as fine lines and wrinkles, thinner skin, weaker hair, slower nail growth, poor exercise recovery, and loss of muscle and bone. This is a byproduct of oxidative stress within the body. Consuming fruits, vegetables, herbs, and spices provides antioxidants. These antioxidants help with the oxidative process and restore the mitochondria.

So NAD is what might those mitochondria, little micronite, little energy producing things use to make energy. So you you need there are two molecules in the body that are really great. You need both for life. And without them, as I said, you're dead. ATP is the energy, and NAD makes that. And as we get older, the levels of NAD go down. Our body makes less and actually also degrades it more. Yep. So I if you take my skin or in the study that they took people's skin, when you're 50, you've got half the levels of this NAD that you did than you did when you're 20, which is scary because this is this molecule is required for

Mitochondria generate energy, but also possess intelligence and DNA. Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to diseases like diabetes, autism, and cancer. To support mitochondria, you must stress them through hormesis, where "what doesn't kill you makes you stronger." Five ways to stress mitochondria include: intermittent fasting, which men and women practice differently; cold exposure via cold showers or cryotherapy; sauna use to activate heat shock proteins; exercise to create energy demand; and gratitude, which activates the parasympathetic nervous system. Research suggests happier people are healthier, and being in a grateful state balances the autonomic nervous system. Gratitude is "vitamin G."