@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
"The Wuhan lab…that conducted risky experiments on bat viruses…and almost certainly caused the pandemic has now revealed…it has done the same…risky experiments on another lot of horseshoe-bat viruses" https://spectator.com/article/playing-viruses-immunology/?edition=us
@MJTruthUltra - MJTruthUltra
BREAKING: The C.I.A, now under the control of John Ratcliffe, determines the Covid Pandemic Began from a Lab Leak The C.I.A. denied this for years… Now we know why Anthony Fauci was pardoned for all crimes after Jan 2014. Because gain of function began in 2014 and he is likely guilty of creating the virus that caused a world-wide pandemic. FLASHBACK: The CIA tried to pay off six analysts who found SARS-CoV-2 likely originated in a Wuhan lab if they changed their position and said the virus jumped from animals to humans, according to a letter sent to CIA Director William Burns. They knew all along… now it’s time for people to go to jail. Video Summary https://rumble.com/v3h4klg-cia-tried-to-pay-off-analysts-to-bury-findings-that-covid-lab-leak-was-like.html Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Letter https://www.scribd.com/document/670782878/Sscp-Hpsci-Letter-to-CIA-Re-Origins-of-Covid
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
@MJTruthUltra https://t.co/34CPrMKSgP
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
COVID: updated summary of lab-origin hypothesis: 1) Pandemic caused by bat SARS-like coronavirus emerged in Wuhan--city 1000 km from wild bats with SARS-CoV-2-like coronaviruses, but that contains labs conducting world's largest research program on bat SARS-like coronaviruses.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
2) In 2015-2017, scientists and science-policy specialists expressed concern that the Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV) was conducting and contemplating research that posed an unacceptable risk of lab accident and pandemic (https://nature.com/articles/nature.2017.21487; https://nature.com/articles/nature.2015.18787).
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
3) In 2017-2018, WIV constructed a novel chimeric SARS-like coronavirus that was able to infect and replicate in human airway cells and that had 10,000x enhanced viral growth and 3x enhanced lethality in mice engineered to display human SARS receptors on airway cells.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
4) In 2018, in an NIH grant proposal, WIV and collaborators proposed to construct more novel chimeric SARS-like coronaviruses, targeting chimeras that replace natural spike gene with novel spike genes encoding spikes that have higher binding affinities to human cells.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
5) Also in 2018, in a DARPA grant proposal, WIV and collaborators proposed to construct novel "consensus" SARS-like coronaviruses, to insert an furin cleavage site (FCS) at the spike S1-S2 border, and to do so by assembling six synthetic genome segments.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
6) In 2017-2019, WIV constructed and characterized novel SARS-like coronaviruses at biosafety level 2, a biosafety level patently inadequate for work with enhanced potential pandemic pathogens and patently inadequate to contain virus having transmission properties of SARS-CoV-2.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
7) In 2019 a novel SARS-like coronavirus having spike with high binding affinity, FCS at spike S1-S2, and genome with restriction sites for genome assembly from six synthetic segments--a virus having the features of the 2018 NIH and DARPA proposals--emerges on doorstep of WIV.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
8) SARS-CoV-2 is the only one of more than 870 known SARS-like coronaviruses that contains an FCS. This feature does not rule out natural origin, but is more easily--much more easily--explained by lab origin. Especially since DARPA proposal explicitly proposed inserting an FCS.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
9) The FCS of SARS-CoV-2 has codon usage highly unusual for bat SARS-related coronaviruses. This does not rule out natural origin, but is more easily--much more easily--explained by lab origin.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
10) The FCS of SARS-CoV-2 has an 8-of-8 amino-acid-sequence identity to the known FCS of human ENaCa. This does not rule out natural origin, but is more easily--much more easily--explained by lab origin.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
11) The genome of SARS-CoV-has BsmBI and BsaI sites consistent with assembly from six segments. This does not rule out natural origin, but is more easily explained by lab origin. Especially since 2018 DARPA proposal explicitly proposed assembling six segments and using BsmBI.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
12) In 2020-present, WIV and its funders/collaborators at EcoHealth Alliance have withheld information, misrepresented facts, and obstructed investigation...even though, if not connected to origin, they easily could have cleared their name though cooperation with investigation.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
All statements in all posts are demonstrable facts. Sources for posts 1-2 include the following: 1) Shi Zhengli interview at https://science.org/pb-assets/PDF/News%20PDFs/Shi%20Zhengli%20Q&A-1630433861.pdf 2) News articles at https://nature.com/articles/nature.2015.18787 and https://nature.com/articles/nature.2017.21487; meeting report at https://www.nasonline.org/programs/scientific-forum/sackler-forum-2015-report.pdf
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
Sources for posts 3-5 include the following: 3) NIH documents at https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/21055989-understanding-risk-bat-coronavirus-emergence-grant-notice and https://republicans-oversight.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Year-5-EHAv.pdf 4) NIH documents at https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/21055989-understanding-risk-bat-coronavirus-emergence-grant-notice 5) DARPA documents at https://documentcloud.org/documents/21066966-defuse-proposal
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
Sources for posts 6-10 include the following: 6) Shi Zhengli interview at https://science.org/pb-assets/PDF/News%20PDFs/Shi%20Zhengli%20Q&A-1630433861.pdf 7) WIV publication at https://nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2012-7 8-10) Review article at https://pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2202769119
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
Sources for posts 11-12 include the following: 11) Article at https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.18.512756v1 12) NIH documents at https://republicans-oversight.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/January-2022-EHA-SAC-CAP-letter-final1.pdf and https://republicans-oversight.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/NIH-EHA-Production-8.19.22.pdf
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
More complete information, and more sources, are provided in Appendix 1 of my US Senate testimony at https://hsgac.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Ebright%20Testimony%20Updated.pdf.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
(Updating a September 7, 2022 thread to include information from newly disclosed correspondence on the 2018 DARPA proposal and to include additional and updated links.)
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
COVID: summary of lab-origin hypothesis: 1) Pandemic caused by bat SARS-like coronavirus emerged in Wuhan--city 1000 km from nearest wild bats with SARS-CoV-2-like coronaviruses, but that contains labs conducting world's largest research program on bat SARS-like coronaviruses.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
2) In 2015-2017, scientists and science-policy specialists expressed concern that the Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV) was conducting and contemplating research that posed an unacceptable risk of lab accident and pandemic (https://nature.com/articles/nature.2017.21487; https://nature.com/articles/nature.2015.18787).
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
3) In 2017-2018, WIV constructed a novel chimeric SARS-like coronavirus that was able to infect and replicate in human airway cells and that had 10,000x enhanced viral growth and 3x enhanced lethality in mice engineered to display human SARS receptors on airway cells.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
4) In 2018, in an NIH grant proposal, WIV and collaborators proposed to construct more novel chimeric SARS-like coronaviruses, targeting chimeras that replace natural spike gene with novel spike genes encoding spikes that have higher binding affinities to human cells.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
5) Also in 2018, in a DARPA grant proposal, WIV and collaborators proposed to construct novel "consensus" bat SARS-like coronaviruses, and to insert furin cleavage site (FCS) sequences at the spike gene S1-S2 border of bat SARS-like coronaviruses.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
6) In 2017-2019, WIV constructed and characterized novel SARS-like coronaviruses at biosafety level 2, a biosafety level patently inadequate for work with enhanced potential pandemic pathogens and patently inadequate to contain virus having transmission properties of SARS-CoV-2.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
7) In 2019 a novel SARS-like coronavirus having a spike with high binding affinity for human cells, and having an FCS at the spike S1-S2 border--a virus having the specific properties set forth in the 2018 WIV NIH and DARPA grant proposals--emerges on the doorstep of WIV.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
8) SARS-CoV-2 is the only one of more than 850 known SARS-like coronaviruses that contains an FCS. This feature does not rule out natural origin, but is more easily--much more easily--explained by lab origin. Especially since insertion of an FCS was explicitly proposed in 2018.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
9) The FCS of SARS-CoV-2 has codon usage unusual for bat SARS-related coronaviruses and has an 8-of-8 amino-acid-sequence identity to the known FCS of human ENaCa. These features do not rule out natural origin, but are more easily--much more easily--explained by lab origin.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
10) In 2020-present, WIV and its funders/collaborators at EcoHealth Alliance have withheld information, misrepresented facts, and obstructed investigation...even though, if not connected to origin, they easily could have cleared their name though cooperation with investigation.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
All statements in all posts are demonstrable facts. Sources for posts 1-2 include the following: 1) Shi Zhengli interview at https://science.org/pb-assets/PDF/News%20PDFs/Shi%20Zhengli%20Q&A-1630433861.pdf 2) News articles at https://nature.com/articles/nature.2015.18787 and https://nature.com/articles/nature.2017.21487 3) NIH documents at https://theintercept.com/document/2021/09/08/understanding-the-risk-of-bat-coronavirus-emergence/ and https://republicans-oversight.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Year-5-EHAv.pdf
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
Sources for posts 4-7 include the following: 4) NIH documents at https://theintercept.com/document/2021/09/08/understanding-the-risk-of-bat-coronavirus-emergence/ 5) DARPA documents at https://documentcloud.org/documents/21066966-defuse-proposal 6) Shi Zhengli interview at https://science.org/pb-assets/PDF/News%20PDFs/Shi%20Zhengli%20Q&A-1630433861.pdf 7) WIV publication at https://nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2012-7
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
Sources for posts 8-10 include the following: 8-9) Review article at https://pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2202769119 10) NIH documents at https://republicans-oversight.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/January-2022-EHA-SAC-CAP-letter-final1.pdf and https://republicans-oversight.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/NIH-EHA-Production-8.19.22.pdf
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
More complete information, and more sources, are provided in Appendix 1 of my US Senate testimony at https://hsgac.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Ebright%20Testimony%20Updated.pdf.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
(Re-upping a September 7, 2022 thread for the New Year.)
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
After months of negotiations, former chief White House medical adviser Anthony Fauci has agreed to testify in Congress on the…virus’s origins" Anthony Fauci to Testify in House on Covid-19 Pandemic’s Origins
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
Fauci likely caused the COVID-19 pandemic, by first opposing, and then repeatedly and flagrantly violating, US-government policies implemented in 2014 and 2017 to restrict gain-of-function research on potential pandemic pathogens.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
Without Fauci's misfeasance, there would not have been gain-of-function research on potential pandemic pathogens in Wuhan and there likely would not have been a pandemic.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
Few in history have taken actions that caused millions of deaths and cost trillions of dollars. Fauci's violations of US-government policies implemented to protect the public from lab-generated pandemics likely caused 20 million deaths and cost 25 trillion dollars.
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
"The health official who conspired with Anthony Fauci to downplay suggestions Covid-19 leaked from a Wuhan laboratory has revealed he lies awake at night agonising about the chain of events they set in motion." https://www.skynews.com.au/australia-news/us-department-of-health-official-who-conspired-with-anthony-fauci-to-downplay-covid-lableak-theory-reveals-agonising-over-his-actions/news-story/f568f544d4b5eb05fb26dc3e198f50ae
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
"The former Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response at the US Department of Health, Dr Robert Kadlec, has told Sky News he feels obligated to reveal confidential discussions he had with…Fauci…about diverting attention away from the lab leak theory."
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
Kadlec: "I wake up at usually about 2 or 3am and think about it honestly, because it’s something that we all played a role in"
@R_H_Ebright - Richard H. Ebright
Kadlec: "The tools of science to do this kind of synthetic biology, this risky research has not been limited to China. It happens in the United States. It’s happening in a lot of places in the world and we could have another one of these (pandemics) if we don’t accept that'"