@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
The U.S. Office of the Comptroller just released an interpretive letter Explicitly allowing banks to use distributed ledgers/stablecoins for banking activities: "We therefore conclude that a bank may validate, store, and record payments transactions by serving as a node on an INVN. Likewise, a bank may use INVNs and related stablecoins to carry out other permissible payment activities." GREEN LIGHT! https://occ.gov/topics/charters-and-licensing/interpretations-and-actions/2025/int1183.pdf
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
To clarify: the language I'm quoting here is from a letter back in 2021 which was basically rescinded a year later and has now been unrescinded as of today (which is the link). The poor bankers are getting whiplash.
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
The SEC v. Coinbase BIG motion to dismiss hearing is Wednesday morning. @MetaLawMan will be there live! Motions to Dismiss are rarely granted so I wasn't expecting much. HOWEVER, I just looked at a prior Order on a motion to dismiss from the same Judge on a crypto case and...
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
This might be closer than I originally thought. Back in August 2023 the Coinbase judge dismissed a lawsuit against Uniswap for sale of "scam tokens." Admittedly the decentralized nature of the exchange played a large role (which we don't have in the Coinbase case). BUT... https://t.co/ZYnIB5AUzJ
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
There are a couple important things the Judge stated in her Order that Coinbase have got to like. First, she calls Ether a "crypto commodity." Could that just be lazy writing? Possibly, but the Judge was very aware of the difference between a security/commodity so, I doubt it. https://t.co/LT3UqIceb1
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
Second, the Judge states that "Congress and the courts" haven't made a determination whether crypto tokens are securities or commodities. This plays well with Coinbase's argument that the SEC is overstepping its enforcement authority and that Congress must be involved first. https://t.co/wmYWXtG5w6
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
Based on this Judge's prior dismissal of the Uniswap case, her clear understanding of the technology, her finding that Eth is a commodity, and acknowledgement that Congress should be involved in this process... I'll be very interested to see how this plays out!
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
Since @digitalassetbuy has been unjustly banned from X without due process, let me ask you to go give his latest YouTube video a watch to support him. Free DAI! https://youtu.be/uUvuugqycdY?si=2QPIGvXCLE2fRjuJ
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
The SEC's pat answer when asked hard questions about crypto regulation is deceptive. It always starts with "The Howey test is clear..., it's been the law since 1946..." Like most pat answers, it's superficial and based on half-truths. ๐๐งต
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
Yes, on your first day of law school, you learn that most legal tests are based on "elements" such as is found in the Howey test for whether an asset is sold as a security. Eg., The test for whether you've formed a contract with someone requires you look at 3-5 "elements." https://t.co/yq4tDWv7PX
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
These tests allow for flexibility in approach and are guided by case law that is built around an articulated test. But WITHIN these elements are all sorts of room for disagreement and litigation. This is both the key feature and weakness of the common law approach. https://t.co/z2TB404PRY
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
In the context of a contract dispute or auto accident, the tests work fine (in my opinion). There has been a problem, a dispute that needs to be resolved, and the elements of the legal test provide a framework for an analysis and resolution. This is NOT the case with crypto.
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
The problem is that the common law framework/analysis which works good for disputes, is HORRIBLE for compliance - especially when dealing with areas where there is little/no case authority. Trying to apply the Howey "elements" to various crypto projects is a crapshoot. https://t.co/zElJOKUMwB
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
This is where the SEC is disingenuous. When confronted with a nuanced opinion from one Judge and the almost opposite opinion from another judge, the SEC can only say "all attorneys know what the elements are." "It's clear." That has an element of truth followed by a lot of lie.
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
Yes, any lawyer who reads Howey can rattle off the elements, but APPLYING them to a crypto project with a unique token model is just educated guesswork. And that's where you would hope that the SEC would do its mandated job and interpret the law, make it clear what is allowed.
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
But, the guidance from the previous SEC administration was superficial, and even contradictory. And this SEC seems to have abdicated the "interpretation" part of its mandate and instead is focusing on "enforcement" (and how much $ it brings in every year per its latest video). https://t.co/H9A9hmEDVf
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
For whatever reason, this SEC has decided to only respond "Howey is clear" instead of interpreting the laws for a new technology. This allows, even incentivizes, uneven and capricious enforcement of the laws. And although the "test" is clear, the application is anything but.
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
It's like you go to the gym and say you want to look like Brad Pitt in FightClub and the gym owner gives you a pamphlet outlining how fat is burned and how muscles grow and then says "good luck." Yes, it's clear how to look like Brad Pitt, but the pamphlet is hardly any help. https://t.co/U9Ns10KPi9
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
And by the way, when you fail to look like Brad later that year, you get kicked out of the gym. And sued. And yes, this thread was inspired by me feeling old and soft today. Excuse me while I go exercise a little. If I stay old and soft, I hope no one sues me.
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
I finished John's book, and it was A.M.A.Z.I.N.G.. I gained a lot of insight into the man with the bravery to jump into a Billion dollar case. Enjoy this completely candid and impromptu pic of me finishing the book! https://t.co/hw56MPjvaM
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
John's book is exactly what I expected from his legal work: Direct and Brutally Honest. https://t.co/jipYRil6CK
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
Mission Impossible: Integrate the Legal System and Web3. Mission accepted by @JuratNetwork and my (new) attorney friend @MikeKanovitz. Check out what they are doing. This message will self-destruct in 3, 2, 1...
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
"For all Intents and Purposes" the Ripple v. SEC case is over. Yes, important hearings will be held in the coming months (deciding a judgment of up to $770 million is of course important). But, YOUR time for hand wringing over this case is done. IMO. ๐ฉณ๐งต
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
The SEC dismissed the rest of the case, so there will be no trial next year. The facts have been set - nothing new or surprising will be coming out. Which means the Court will be issuing a Final Judgment (probably) sometime next year. Only Ripple needs to worry about that. ๐
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
The case could of course settle any time before the Final Judgment is entered. That's one possibility. If not, both the SEC and Ripple can file appeals. The SEC has indicated that it will appeal - fair enough. So, statistically, what are the chances of winning on appeal? โโ
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
Luckily, we have statistics which tell us! As you see below, the SEC has a 14.2% chance of winning on appeal. 14.2%. And I think it's fair to say that the manner in which the Judge wrote her opinion (very fact based), at a minimum, does not increase that chance for the SEC. https://t.co/LTsOU5eEgE
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
And so, what happens if the SEC appeals next year and the Appellate court sides with it in 2025? Because of the way the Judge wrote her Order, the Appellate court would have to send the case back down to the trial Judge for FURTHER judicial findings and determinations! Read on.
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
As to "other distributions" of XRP, you can see in FN 18 that the Judge did not make findings as to the 2nd & 3rd prongs of Howey. ONLY the trial judge can do that. What would the Judge rule? Who knows. ๐คทโโ๏ธ But you'd have to think there's a CHANCE she would rule for Ripple. https://t.co/ZzmOPMl5Kf
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
Same thing with Programmatic sales. IF the Appellate court agrees with the SEC, it would still have to send that issue back down to the trial court for further determinations. FN 20 (for example) suggests that the Judge is given some credence to Ripple's Fair Notice Defense. https://t.co/KcTooYyynN
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
And THEN, after the Judge makes a 2nd round of judicial determinations, it can then be appealed again up to the Appellate court (now with all issues ruled on). And only then could the SEC win on appeal and leave with a Victory! โ๏ธ Unless Ripple appeals to the Sup Court... ๐
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
SO, the SEC has to: 1. Not Settle 2. Win on Appeal (14% chance) 3. Get through more hearings 4. Win on another Appeal. Or something like that. And that's not even taking into account a possible Act of Congress, a change of political Regime, or something else I can't think of.
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
SO, that's why I say that "for all Intents and Purposes" this case is over. Unlike on TV, a lot of legal cases end with a whimper and drag on for a year after the main issues have been locked in. And I think that's what we will see here. PS. I just learned about Emojis! ๐ก๐
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
I'm seeing some confusion as to what could happen next in the Ripple v. SEC case now that the Judge denied an interlocutory appeal. Sooo, I have outlined every possibility and provided the exact chance of each possibility happening and how long each would take. Exactly. 1/356 https://t.co/LfOi2xEsLa
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
OVERVIEW: The Judge issued a "Summary Judgment" and denied an (early) appeal. The SEC has a 100% right to appeal when the whole case is finished and that will happen when there is a "Final Judgment." As you will see, the SEC has no real good options.
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
Possibility #1: The SEC moves forward with trial next April against the individual Defendants. Chance: 39.456% The Judge has left only the hardest part of the case for trial. The SEC could easily take an "L" at trial and have some of its dirty laundry aired at the same time.
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
If the SEC goes to trial, an appeal of the case won't be filed until 2025. That means an appellate ruling likely won't come out until 2026. THEN, even IF the SEC wins on appeal, the case would most likely be remanded back to Judge Torres for further litigation (see attached). https://t.co/aZQwQSieIv
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
So, the SEC wants to push the entire case to trial and then appeal the parts of the judgment against Ripple it doesn't like? Fair enough, but the most likely outcome in that situation is a final resolution in 2027. June 14, 2027 to be exact. Good luck with that.
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
Possibility #2: The SEC could settle the case against the individual Defendants and move forward with obtaining a Final Judgment against Ripple, and then appeal. Chance: 32.113% This is the SEC's best option. For that reason, I doubt they do it.
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
Settling out the individual Defendants gets the SEC to an appellate court about 9-12 months faster and saves its resources (and face) by bypassing a very difficult and overreaching case. After settlement of the individuals, the case would go straight to "remedies" litigation. https://t.co/txpOztVog1
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
Remedies litigation still would require months and months to complete (which was part of the SEC's argument as to why it needed an early appeal). This option would still go deep into 2026. August 14, 2026, to be exact. https://t.co/8DH3HQyZBk
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
Option #3: The SEC settles all litigation against Ripple and the individual Defendants. Yes, this could happen at a settlement conference (such as the Judge required below) but the SEC has shown very little desire to compromise thus far. https://t.co/QjNeKfw9vA
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
Settlement is a good option for the SEC. It gets to publish another "win" and collect a big big check from the bad guys. The Judge cleared this path for them by clarifying that her ruling only applies to the facts specific to XRP. Chance of happening: 18.987% Date: 12/21/23
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
Finally, something else I haven't thought of could happen. Who knows. Chance of happening: 8.675% As you can see, the SEC has a couple of bad/lengthy options. Meanwhile, the Summary Judgment is the law of the land and that can't even possibly change until...2026 at earliest. https://t.co/mn8TFGRTE7
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
The SEC's motion for interlocutory appeal DENIED. Which means, the case either goes to trial in April, or goes away. AND, this Order allowed the Judge to explain parts of her ruling even better, making appeal that much harder for the SEC to win. Disaster for the agency.
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
What the Terra Judge doesn't know is that numerous XRP purchasers submitted unopposed affidavits that they didn't even know who or what Ripple was when they bought. That's why EVIDENCE matters. And there's no evidence in this case, yet. https://coindesk.com/policy/2023/07/31/judge-rejects-ripple-ruling-precedent-in-denying-terraform-labs-motion-to-dismiss-sec-lawsuit/ via @coindesk
@coryklippsten - Cory Klippsten | Swan.com ๐ฆข #Bitcoin
@attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk Doesn't matter how many didn't know. Millions DID know that Ripple printed XRP and sat on a massive pile of tokens and thus had the incentive to pump their bags with fake partnerships and press releases. And YOU know this too, Jeremy. Sold your soul for some shitcoins ๐ฉ
@attorneyjeremy1 - Jeremy Hogan
@coryklippsten @CoinDesk It has nothing to do with what you or I know. It's only what the evidence is. This is litigation.
@MotownCrypto - Motown Crypto
@attorneyjeremy1 @coryklippsten @CoinDesk Burn those maxi pads
@Zer0LM - ZeroLatencyManifestation โ๏ธ
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk @reseeit save thread
@GOLDCOUNCIL - World Gold Council
Agile and liquid. A proven protector. Anโฏever-evolving enabler of bold decisions.
@Smity_crypto - Smity
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk This is true @Ripple is dumping #xrp at the highest rate to date...
@curbmanjess - Jess
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk Securities on the exchanges have this contract established already With their registration with the exchange to sell their securities to the public that's completely different from coinbase ..coinbase doesn't have established criterias with ripped and what they will do for buyers
@SettinoAlex - Alex Settino
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk You, sir, truly don't get it. I wonder what color the sky is in your world.
@jredbokieee - 1:1
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk You people are insufferable.
@OhtaniMVP2021 - Unanimous MVP
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk Itโs amazing how much they fear XRP.
@Tim_XRP - Tim (Faith over fear) XRP
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk Where do these maxis come from? Is there like a portal that opened to another dimension where being luddite is heralded as an accomplishment?
@curbmanjess - Jess
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk Hey Cory how does who knows of ripple have to do with a investment contract and efforts Soley from ripple from the Howey test plz explain? How can u just buy something like a crypto and have an investment contract ...what's in your contract ..what's in mine .. common man
@alfacryptomeo - Brett colman
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk Coming from a crookโฆ bore off Cory you bell end
@Ailujxrp - Ailuj
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk lol.. it wasn't Ripple who issued the tokens..
@WhittWhitaker - Whitt Whitaker
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk Probably should worry more about your scam their buddy
@FeelinTheDrops - ๐ Jovem Dinheiro ๐ต ๐
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk Cope harder ๐ฝ โฝ๏ธ
@mreinvest - David Landau
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk ๐๐๐
@96Citadeldawg - Top water assassin
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk Says the guy with bitcoin in his bio
@cryptoguy2188 - crypto guy (๐,๐งก)
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk are you still not allowing people to withdraw their btc on your exchange?
@CMSPh_2010 - CMS
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk Oh man, is there an end to the self-righteous Bitcoin maximalist? My whole thing is, if you and your radical ilk didn't feel threatened by the wider crypto market, you'd be spending your time elsewhere. You are afraid, that much is clear, or else XRP wouldn't matter to you.
@CirroEnergyTX - Cirro Energy
Sign up for Smart Simple Select and get a low, fixed price with no hidden fees โ plus a $100 bill credit.
@jredbokieee - 1:1
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk Here Stu will explain it to you like youโre 5. https://t.co/7ElHFxHuZ2
@_Vekta - ๐๐ผ๐๐๐ธ ๐
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk ok explain every eth erc token ever then
@agenda_america - Agenda for America
America needs a voice that's fighting for what actually matters. Follow @francissuarez today!
@MoonLamboio - Moon Lambo
@coryklippsten @attorneyjeremy1 @CoinDesk What partnerships did Ripple announce that are fake? Did you know that quantity of an asset held is not part of the Howey test? Did you know that most 1st time purchases of $XRP have never heard of Ripple?