reSee.it - Tweets Saved By @frederik_bosch
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
The Civil Roman Empire July 1956, John Foster Dulles announced US financial withdrawal for the Aswan Dam on the Nile. “Egypt should get along for the time being with projects less monumental than the Aswan Dam.” Five days later Nasser nationalized the Suez canal.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
While maybe it was Eisenhower who took the decision, the provocation was completely on the part of Dulles. Eisenhower commented later: “I was concerned … that we might have been undiplomatic in the way the cancellation was handled.” New York Times, 1971. https://www.nytimes.com/1971/01/16/archives/experts-feel-dulles-blundered-in-dropping-offer-to-aid-cairo.html
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
The Suez crisis gave Germany the opportunity to improve Franco-German relations, increasing the process of further European integration. Against the advice of his counsel, Konrad Adenauer did not cancel his visit to the Paris conference on November 1956.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Remember, Dulles had always been deciding in favor of Germany, was very close with Hjalmar Schacht and had a very good relationship with Adenauer who already said during the interbellum that Franco-German peace would require economic integration.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Adenauer was married to Auguste Zinsser, a cousin of Ellen McCloy, née Zinsser, husband of John McCloy that together with Dulles advocated for the Marshall Plan, or European Recovery Program (ERP), focusing on German integration in Western economies.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Adenauer signed the ERP with the US in 1949, together with McCloy. During the Wiedergutmachung negotiations Adenauer successfully requested his relative to provide clemency for war criminals like Alfried Krupp and Herman Schmitz, former IG Farban CEO. https://www.swr.de/swr2/wissen/archivradio/konrad-adenauer-unterschreibt-den-marshallplan-1949-102.html
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
But can’t we link Adenauer more directly to the Mitteleuropa phenomenon? Yes, and in order to do so I start with this conversation between Hjalmar Schacht and Gustav Stresemann that I found in the auto-biography of Schacht, 76 Jahre meines Lebens.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
“We have to undertake something, Herr Stresemann. When the Left now comes into play, then some. So we must start a civil left party, so that the Mehrheitsozialisten [MSPD, name of a political party] do not take the field alone.”
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
As you see, in their eyes, facing the enemy in a debate, that’s for fools. You put a comparable party alongside, reducing your enemy’s backing. Other options are: start a radicalized version of the opposing party and thereby detach the public from their ideas. Infiltration. Or..
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Question: what happened with the non-radical worker party in your country? Back to that party DDP party Schacht is talking about. The party he, according to himself, started with Stresemann.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Should Mitteleuropa Party not be an appropriate name if we see all these names appearing? You did read my previous parts, didn’t you?
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
So, why is that important? Because “after World War II former members of the DDP were instrumental in founding both the West German Free Democratic Party (FDP)” Moreover, the party provided many ministers under Chancellor Adenauer.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
So Mitteleuropa party DDP was instrumental for the political climate in Germany after the war. Did Adenauer and Schacht, basically President Mitteleuropa, knew each other? Of course. First, meet Otto Skorzenzy, Reinhard Gehlen and the Gehlen Organization. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gehlen_Organization
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
The Gehlen Organization was a spy network formed by Abwehr Admiral Canaris in 1942. It was absorbed by the CIA in 1948. “Gehlen’s backing came primarily from the Dulles faction” It contracted “some of the most notorious figures from the Nazi regime”.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
The Gehlen Organization provided intelligence on the Soviet Union for the CIA using war criminals, the biggest scum on earth. And this criminal organization came to be the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND) in 1952 reporting directly to Konrad Adenauer.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Skorzeny was provided a hide-out by Countess Ilse Lüthje, the niece of Hjalmar Schacht, for around 18 months. During that time he was in contact with Gehlen, and recruited for the Gehlen Organization. He filed a divorce so he could marry Ilse Lüthje. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_Skorzeny
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
“In 1952, Egypt was taken over by General Mohammed Naguib. Skorzeny was sent to Egypt the following year by former General Reinhard Gehlen” “He stayed on to serve as an adviser to Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser.”
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Now, with that knowledge, don’t you feel that the Suez crisis was deliberately set in motion by the (infiltrated) Washington-Bonn axis, to drive France in particular into the hands of the Germans? What was the ultimate consequence of the Dulles provocation and the Suez crisis?
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Well, in March 1957 the Treaty of R·O·M·E was signed. Borrell (2022): “This is a point that we do not highlight enough. When you put the history of European construction into its global geopolitical context, you will notice that the Treaty of Rome, signed in 1957, came one year
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
after the Suez debacle. The Treaty of Rome was therefore basically a peaceful and constructive response to the abandonment by the European powers of their colonial heritage…”. As per @_benoux_ told me. https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/le-grand-continent-conversation-hrvp_en
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
In there, Borrell reiterates what Heinz Alfred Kissinger from Fürth, Bavaria already said in Diplomacy: “bringing home to them the end of their roles as Great Powers.” Suez proved to be the realization for France and Britain that European integration had to be their future.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Do you understand the implications above for the establishment of the EU? And this is just the warm-up of the thread. Did you pay attention to the title? There are so many more things to clear up. They have sold you lies, so many lies. I cannot even comprehend. Let’s continue. 👇
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
With France and Britain down, how about The Netherlands? Well The Netherlands was in the international headlines right before the Suez crisis. What was going on? “Zwischen köningin und Rasputin” That was the frontpage of Der Spiegel in June 1956. https://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/index-1956-24.html
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
There was a crisis in the Dutch monarchy. According to the German magazine, Queen Juliana became under the influence of a miracle doctor (‘Gesundbeterin’) who was supposedly working on divine orders. The article continues.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
“The American secret service in The Hague, which is observing the case on behalf of its boss Allen Dulles, is once again faced with a European puzzle” Well, well, isn’t that interesting? June 1956, only a month before Suez, and we have another Dulles. Brother Allen this time.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
It was husband Prince Bernhard who provided the information for the article. He finally admitted that in 2004. It was an attempt to cancel Greet Hofmans and thereby stop her alleged too big of influence on personal, social and political level to his wife Queen Juliana.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
And that attempt succeeded. In 1957 Juliana had to fire a well-beloved part of her court personnel. On top, she was not allowed to visit the so-called Oude Loo conferences anymore and she was not allowed to meet Hofmans and associated friends again. What happened?
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Now, in The Netherlands there are many books on the Greet Hofmans affair, but, honestly, nobody got the full picture. Those that were on the right track, like Klinkenberg, did not have sources I am about to cite, while people like Fasseur blatantly defended Bernhard.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
“He [Bernhard] just wanted his wife back”. 2008, didn't we then already know of his mistresses and bastard children? I have referred to Hélène Grinda often here. His involvement in Lockheed, the bribery scandals? His chairmanship of Bilderberg? https://www.parool.nl/kunst-media/fasseur-prikt-mythe-hofmans-door~b2ed7106/?referrer=https://www.google.com/
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
If the life of Bernhard tells you one thing: he was rather away from home. No, no, this affair was not about his marriage. Now who was Bernhard anyway? To begin with, he was chairman of the Bilderberg Conferences, of which the first conference was organized in 1954.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
One month before the Treaty of Rome was delivered, the influential Bilderberg Group met in St Simon. HRH Prince Bernhard was chairman while Joseph Retinger was honorary secretary. It is said, though speculative, that the Treaty of Rome was formulated there.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Retinger was Polish and former MI6 agent (Salamander). Bernhard was an intelligence agent for chemical company IG Farben in the unit Berlin-NW7. His boss was Max Ilgner, nephew of later IG Farben CEO Herman Schmitz.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Brother Rudolf Ilgner was director of Farben subsidiary Chemnyco Inc in NYC. The lawyers involved? Sullivan & Cromwell, the company of the Dulles brothers. Max Ilgner directly mentioned Bernhard in the Nuremberg trials as one of his Verbindungsmänner.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Bernhard was also member of the paramilitary of the NSDAP (SA) and the SS. During his time in Paris he stayed with Allene Tew, then married to Pavel de Kotzebue. Bernhard’s mother Armgard was acquainted to the Kotzebue family. Allene became godmother of princess Beatrix.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Gerhard Fritze, formerly married to an Ilgner, was the highest officer in NL for IG NW7. He introduced Bernhard to Juliana. Fritze founded Hollandsche Koopmansbank, a subsidiary of IG Farben and under influence of Ivar Kreuger. https://www.groene.nl/artikel/barretje-weimar--2
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Mother and then queen Wilhelmina, according to TIME the richest woman on earth, vouched for the marriage under the pretext that Bernhard would resign at his former employer. Who asks a spy to quit his intelligence work? But Bernhard formally complied. https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,802335,00.html
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Bernhard and Juliana had four daughters, including Marijke, born with an eye disease. Hofmans was introduced by the recommendation of Bernhard and lived with the family. It was the beginning of an intimate friendship between her, Juliana, Wilhelmina and the rest of the household.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Alhough Bernhard denied Hofmans access to the Royal Palace shortly after her arrival, the friendship remained. They frequently met to talk about religion. The dissertation Spirit of the Oude Loo shows how all that evolved into the Oude Loo conferences. https://scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl/handle/1887/33647
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
So not only did Bernhard had his Bilderberg conferences, Juliana had hers too. The first Oude Loo conference in 1951 was titled “God is the creator of the world and therefore invincible.” God’s Providence and world peace were central topics. https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oude_Loo-conferenties
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Visitors were important figures from aristocratic, academic or religious backgrounds under whom many women. You visited the conference once; it was not to become a group nor a sect. Queen Juliana visited almost every conference while princess Wilhelmina visited regularly.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
To emphasize what the conferences were about, this is of vital important, the scheduled lectures of the third edition carried titles like the following: - God’s Plan or human chaos - The guiding Hand and the inner voice - Towards a Christian civilization
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Why did Oude Loo, and associating friendships, had to end so brutally, with that publication in Der Spiegel? There was no political power involved at all. Why would Bernhard care so much while he had his mistresses and own activities like Bilderberg with actual political power?
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
A Committee (“of Wise Men”) was assigned by the Dutch government to resolve the matter. They advocated Juliana to refrain from any involvement at the conferences, break contacts with underlying friendships and fire involved court personnel.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Bernhard? He basically only had to break with journalist Sefton Delmer, the one he passed the story and also only allowed journalist at Bilderberg. And Bilderberg? He could keep it despite Juliana’s not unsubstantial claim that it should be subject to ministerial responsibility.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Juliana protested and claimed “Am I not free to choose the people who I associate with, and does the freedom of religious believe not also apply to me?” She was not to have it. Compare that with today. Of whom is said today she has to have the right to freedom of speech?
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Bernhard went berserk by his wife’s protest. He demanded follow-up on the committee advice. Otherwise, he threatened, he would go to the press again. He considered a request to remove Queen Juliana from her parental authority or even be her declared incompetent. He went all in.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Again, why put all the stakes down? And then I remembered the bizarre skiing trip of Juliana with her friends in 1950. Bernhard sent his mistress Ann Orr-Lewis to spy on his wife! She stayed together with her friend Phyllis von Graevenitz in the same hotel as Juliana.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Now that is really interesting. Didn’t Ernst von Weizsäcker marry Marianne von Graevenitz? And was Bernhard’s brother Aschwin not serving under Abwehr admiral Canaris, leader of the “anti-nazi” group Von Weizsäcker belonged to?
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
In 1943 Von Weizsäcker became Ambassador to the Vatican. In the Nuremberg trials Ernst von Weizsäcker was sentenced to 7 years, but he was made a free man within 3 years by... John McCloy. His son Richard became Bundespräsident in 1984.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
So to Operation Sunrise again. Von Weizsäcker provided introductions but before Wolff could meet Pope Pius XII, he first had to free a.o. Donna Virginia Agnelli, a family that later frequently visited Bilderberg. Then Wolff and Pope Pius XII spoke in latter’s private library.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
The content of that meeting was never disclosed. Why wouldn’t Operation Sunrise be related to that exchange? But if so, then what was to rise? As nuncio of Bavaria, Pacelli (real name of Pope Pius XII) met Kaiser Wilhelm and Von Bethmann Hollweg.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
“In Berlin he lived in the Tiergarten quarter and threw parties for the official and diplomatic elite. Paul von Hindenburg, Gustav Stresemann, and other members of the Cabinet were regular guests.” Stresemann, remember his conversation with Schacht? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_XII
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
All controversies around Pope Pius accused him to support Nazi Germany, but does the connection with Stresemann, whose ideal was a grand German Mitteleuropa, and the conversation with Von Weizsäcker and Wolff not suggest Pius rather vouched for Mitteleuropa?
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
A European construction formalized in a Treaty of Rome, with the vouch of the Pope. Doesn’t that remind you of a historical empire? What else is Mitteleuropa, or the European Union if you like, other than a new Roman Empire? Thát was what had to rise in Operation Sunrise.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
This empire is not particularly Christian, even though the Pope approved it. By advocating an Ethic of Innocence, see my civilism theory, the Civil Roman Empire wishes to usurp and appropriate world religions.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Only that gives a full explanation to what happened in the Hofmans affair. Participants at Oude Loo were from various backgrounds: Protestants, Catholics, Muslims, Hindus and Theosophists. Therefore, some academics analyzed it as New Age. Incorrectly.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Their road to world peace was not via inner spirituality, but through the unconditional individual surrender to God. They were dreaming of a hyper-individual Christian theocracy. And that went directly against the subsidiarity idea of Rome the Mitteleuropa-gang was dreaming of.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Bernhard could not let it happen that his wife and Queen Juliana would succeed in reaching these religions and pave a road toward world peace. In that sense, the radical red leftists in The Netherlands who chose the side of Juliana, like Klinkenberg, were right. But
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
they were wrong on her motive. She was not siding with the Dutch peace movement The Third Path as Klinkenberg was suggesting. No. “It was time for the Omnipotent to rule the earth according to His providence, of which mere mortals could have no idea how that would turn out.”
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Put another way, this was a battle for the post-war dialectic. And Bernhard was not prepared to take the risk that his wife would ruin his plans. He had to silence her and her friends while Oude Loo was still of minor authority and credibility. This plan succeeded.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Now we are getting somewhere with this thread. I have shown how the Suez crisis was set in motion and how former world powers France and The Netherlands were driven into the hands of Germany to participate in a new Roman Empire, not a holy but a civil one.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Let’s return to Suez again and focus on the British. “In the summer of 1956, Stockwell rejected the Contingency Plan [..] and instead submitted Operation Musketeer, [..] and then for British armoured forces to engage in a decisive battle of annihilation with the Egyptians [..]”
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
“Worldwide reaction against Musketeer was massive and negative. [..] the United States threatened to devalue the British currency [..] Prime Minister Sir Anthony Eden called a ceasefire, without Israeli or French officials being notified.” Eden resigned a few weeks later.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Contemporary historians portray Eden as having made the disastrous decision to use force against Nasser. And while it was his decision indeed, we have already seen it was Foster Dulles that first caused the nationalization. Not Eden.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Moreover, Eden signed the Anglo-Egyptian Agreement of 1954 causing Britain to abandon its military bases in the Canal Zone. Next to the US, Eden was also stabbed in the back by Chancellor Macmillan when he threatened to resign in case of no ceasefire. https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1952-54v09p2/d1348
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Macmillan first informed Eden the US would not stop an invasion, then made the threat and finally walked away with Eden's job to become Prime Minister. After Suez, David Astor accused Eden and his government of lies and as such destroyed his reputation. https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2001/dec/09/past.comment
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Didn’t we meet David Astor in the Dulles-thread when I laid out the post-war initiatives to unite Europe? Astor was close with Van Zeeland, who visited the Bilderberg conference after the Suez crisis, and of course with the Dulles brothers.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Before the war foreign secretary Eden warned people to speak with nazi and SS-officer Egon von Hohenlohe, who frequently visited Allen and Clover Dulles in NYC. Not only did Dulles ignore that warning, he also visited Lord and Lady Astor at Cliveden. https://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2015/11/annabel-astor-british-noble-ginge-manor
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
“heyday of entertaining at Cliveden was between the two World Wars” Visitors included: Winston Churchill, Joseph Kennedy, Arthur Balfour and Rudyard Kipling. Before Macmillan became politician he joined their family publishing business that published works of Rudyard Kipling.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
During Macmillan’s term as Prime Minister, conservative politician John Profumo visited Cliveden, as friend of Lord Astor. In the Pavilion Spa he crossed paths with Christine Keeler – “and an affair which would shake Westminster to its foundations began.”
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
“The so-called Profumo Affair would see Macmillan’s Government humiliated, an election lost, Keeler imprisoned and Ward dead by his own hand, accused of procuring young women for politicians” https://www.getreading.co.uk/news/reading-berkshire-news/cliveden-britains-most-scandalous-country-26303190
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
We see the same figures with one of the most successful spies of the Soviet regime. Double-agent Kim Philby or "the spy who betrayed a generation", was comprised in 1951. After repeated interrogation he was exonerated by Macmillan in 1955. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/28/kim-philby-david-astor-observer
Fifty years after Kim Philby fled to Moscow while working for the Observer, new light is being shed on the links that united a clubland elite with a taste for secret service adventures
theguardian.com@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Philby worked for The Observer, the newspaper owned by David Astor. No, no, he was not a spy tells Lewis who wrote a biography on Astor. “By contrast, Astor went to Oxford and mixed with anti-Nazi intellectuals such as Adam von Trott zu Solz”
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
And it was Eden who was positioned against these people. He already stood against them during the interbellum when he refused to support Chamberlain’s policy and resigned. He was replaced by another Cliveden hero: Lord Halifax.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
To top it off, Eden was not having a good relationship with the Dulles boys. Not a surprise considering how they close they were with the Cliveden people. Eden wrote Eisenhower and asked him to not choose Foster as his Secretary of State. They really never got along.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Some might put Eden in the Cliveden group. His wife Clarissa, née Spencer-Churchill, was close with both Evelyn Waugh and Alice Astor. This could be, but my guess is that Clarissa was put next to Eden. They married on very short notice in 1952. https://www.groene.nl/artikel/hou-een-dagboek-bij
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Final remark on Suez: that threat to devaluate the sterling by the US was quite something, no? “While the exact cause of Macmillan’s attitude [towards financial fears] remains clouded, it was this attitude which finally induced a change of policy by Cabinet and by Eden.”
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
How substantial was that threat? Also in Sir Anthony Eden and the Suez Crisis: “It is therefore possible that Macmillan exaggerated the figures to ensure panic, or had miscalculated the figures and frightened himself.” “The Treasury must have got at him, from every direction…”
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Since Macmillan was Chancellor of the Exchequer himself that last quote must refer to the Bank of England. Who was running their Court of Directors? Cameron Cobbold. Was he not working at the BIS with the people we met in part 2? Do you get the picture?
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Friedrich Reinhart was CEO from Commerzbank from 1934 until his death in 1943. Together with Schacht, Thyssen, Kurt Frhr. von Schröder and others, he signed the Industrielleneingabe. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrielleneingabe
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
The finishing touch toward treaty ratification was given by Jean Monnet, close friend of Foster Dulles. His Action Committee ('57) was full of Bilderberg visitors: Mollet, Kiesinger, Fanfani, Faure, La Malfa, Lefèvre, Pleven, and friends like Uri, Marjolin, and Fontaine.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
“This episode shows that the Monnet Action Committee was sufficiently powerful to co-ordinate action between the France and West German parliaments and to hold its course in the face of a French government crisis.” https://jean-monnet.ch/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/the-father-of-europe.pdf
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
In 1963 the community from the Treaty of Rome was upgraded into a constitutional legal order. “THE COMMUNITY CONSTITUTES A NEW LEGAL ORDER OF INTERNATIONAL LAW” https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=ecli:ECLI:EU:C:1963:1
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
“Based on comprehensive archival studies, this article argues that neither earlier case law nor the Treaties of Rome can fully account for the judgment. Instead, Van Gend en Loos represented a genuine revolution in European law.” https://academic.oup.com/icon/article/12/1/136/628616
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
“It is probably exactly the fear of the ECJ that historical scholarship might undermine the legitimacy of the court which has caused the delay in opening the archive of the ECJ.” Legitimacy? Let’s have a look at those involved, shall we?
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Let’s start with judge André, also ECJ-president and father of Piet Hein Donner. He was part of The Committee of Three that investigated the Lockheed scandal and dared to deem that Bernhard might even have acted in good faith.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
In 2019 mr. J.P.H. Donner has been appointed chairman of the board of the Carnegie Peace Palace Foundation by Royal Decree. https://www.vredespaleis.nl/hein-donner-bestuursvoorzitter-carnegie-stichting-vredespaleis/
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Bernhard’s IG Farben history was of course never mentioned, but that was important, because Lockheed had hired Frank Fahle at the suggestion of Herman Abs, both people Bernhard knew from his time at Berlin NW7. Money received by German Minister of Defense Franz Josef Strauss.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Bernhard always denied to have received money. The committee declared in their official statement that he “had entered into those transactions far too lightly”. Via a journalist Bernhard posthumously told he actually did receive money, but it was transferred to charity, his WWF.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
For the record, according to two oral testimonies 40y later, Donner was not among the four judges that voted favored the ruling, but among the three against. Rasmussen calls these testimonies circumstantial evidence.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
“the two new judges Trabucchi and Lecourt managed to turn the tide with two memoranda, which both favoured granting Article 12 internal effects” “Trabucchi and Lecourt managed to bring Rino Rossi and the Louis Delvaux to their side.” https://www.jstor.org/stable/23270670
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Rasmussen continues, referring to an internal document by Trabucchi, a published one. “instead pointed to a standard work on international law, Völkerrecht by Alfred Verdross, and the supranational/federal position in the legal debate in general.”
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Okay, so the reasoning for invoking a new legal order came from Verdross. Who was Verdross? Now it becomes even more interesting. “He was a pan-German nationalist and an early sympathizer with Nazism, but did not join the Nazi party.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Verdross
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
“became, among other things, member of the International Law Commission, member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration” “became professor at the University of Michigan Law School [..], and served as a judge on the International Court of Justice”
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
“The exact extent of Verdross's sympathy for Nazism remains debated,” Just like Bernhard, Von Weizsäcker, Pope Pius, Cliveden Set figures, Dulles brothers, etc? Well, considering their actions, I suggest they were not nazi’s, but pro empire: a Civil Roman Empire.
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
But we continue with Verdross, the most important pupil of legal philosopher Hans Kelsen. “In 1933–1934 his assistant at the Consular Academy was Friedrich August Freiherr von der Heydte, at the time an SA member, whom he had recommended to Kelsen in Cologne.”
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
“Heydte gained audience with Pope Pius XII and befriended the Pope's "Throne Assistant", the theologian Alois Hudal, who would later become a key person in helping Nazi war criminals evade the courts of justice during the post-war war-crime trials.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_August_Freiherr_von_der_Heydte
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Pope Pius XII again. But there is more. Von der Heydte was involved with Operation Market Garden, serving under General Reinhard in the LXXXVIII Corps. He was being informed by a Belgian informant that an attack was underway. https://www.omroepbrabant.nl/nieuws/3063124/de-spanning-aan-het-front-is-voelbaar-de-duitsers-worden-getipt
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
The first Bilderberg meeting was held in Oosterbeek, the place where so many soldiers lost their lives in Operation Market Garden. Do the Dutch realize Bernhard’s involvement in the operation, and his connection with Christiaan Lindemans, alias King Kong? https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christiaan_Lindemans
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Von der Heydte is also mentioned in Der Spiegel affair with main character Strauss, who we already met 👆 with the Lockheed. The arrest in Spain was executed by Joachim Oster, son close Canaris-confidant and liaison to Pope Pius XII Hans Oster. https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achim_Oster
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Next judge in Van Gend & Loos, Rino Rossi. “The document is important, because shows that Rossi was involved in the deportation not only in Rhodes, but as well in Athens, when the prisoners were closed at Haidari KZ.” https://vestnik.sibsiu.ru/index.php/vestnik/article/download/251/237
@frederik_bosch - Frederik Bosch
Judge Otto Riese was the son of Johann August Otto Riese. His father was managing director of Philipp Holzman AG, responsible for the construction of Die Bagdadbahn and committee chairman of Société du Chemin de fer Ottoman d'Anatolie. https://t.co/EyrVjhbff7